Geochemical Characteristics and Its Paleoenvironmental Implication of Permian Qixia Formation in Shizhu, Chongqing

TIAN Yang; ZHAO Xiao-ming; WANG Ling-zhan; TU Bing; XIE Guo-gang; ZENG Bo-fu

Article Contents

Article Navigation > Acta Sedimentologica Sinica > 2014 > 32(6): 1035-1045

TIAN Yang, ZHAO Xiao-ming, WANG Ling-zhan, TU Bing, XIE Guo-gang, ZENG Bo-fu. Geochemical Characteristics and Its Paleoenvironmental Implication of Permian Qixia Formation in Shizhu, Chongqing[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2014, 32(6): 1035-1045.

Citation:

TIAN Yang, ZHAO Xiao-ming, WANG Ling-zhan, TU Bing, XIE Guo-gang, ZENG Bo-fu. Geochemical Characteristics and Its Paleoenvironmental Implication of Permian Qixia Formation in Shizhu, Chongqing[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2014, 32(6): 1035-1045.

Geochemical Characteristics and Its Paleoenvironmental Implication of Permian Qixia Formation in Shizhu, Chongqing

Wuhan Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, Wuhan 430205

Received Date: 2013-11-14
Rev Recd Date: 2014-02-21
Publish Date: 2014-12-10

Abstract

Observations from outcrop, thin sections and geochemical analyses of limestone samples collected from Middle Permian Qixia Formation at Jinlingxiang section in Shizhu, Chongqing City, make it possible to reveal characteristics of geochemistry and paleoenvironment. The 10 samples have low contents in SiO₂ (<5%), MgO(<2.5%), low ratios of Mn/Sr(<0.1), Fe/Sr(<1), high contents in Sr(average: 1 751×10^-6), δ¹⁸O_PDB(>-10‰), meanwhile, SiO₂ are strong positive correlated with MgO, which imply that samples have not experienced intense dolomitization and silicification implying no alteration on the chemical nature during diagenetic processes. Thus, they could be used as reliable objects to reconstruct paleoenvironment. Samples are usually high in CaO (average:53.81%) content, low in Na₂O(average: 0.051%), Al₂O₃(average: 0.17%), TiO₂(average: 0.012%)contents, which indicate stable marine paleoenvironment barely with terrigenous input. Low ratios of MgO/CaO(average:0.026), high ratios of 100×(MgO/Al₂O₃) (average:1241), Sr/Ba(average:286) integrated with 1 000×(Sr/Ca) (average:4.54) hint that Qixia Formation deposited in continental shelf (far shore) under humid climate. Geochemical indices for palaeoredox conditions, for example, U/Al, V/Al, Mo/Al, Cr/Al, Co/Al, V/(V+Ni) and U/Th, conform that the carbonate successions in the study area were accumulated in a dysaerobic-anaerobic environment. Terrestrial elements Σ(Al₂O₃+TiO₂) contents decrease gradually, seawater depth indices: ratios of Sr/Ba and 1 000×(Sr/Ca) increase steadily from bottom to top, which reflect the coast were further away, terrigenous supply reduced gradually and sea level continued rising during deposition.
- geochemistry,
- paleoenvironment,
- Qixia Formation,
- Chongqing Shizhu

References

[1]	刘宝珺,许效松,潘杏南,等. 中国南方古大陆沉积地壳演化与成矿[M]. 北京:科学出版社,1993[Liu Baojun, Xu Xiaosong, Pan Xingnan, et al. Sedimentary Crust Evolution of Paleocontinent and Metallogeny in Southern China [M]. Beijing: Science Press, 1993]
[2]	刘德镒. 浏阳式菊花石的特征及其地质意义[J]. 岩相古地理,1988,8(3/4):41-50[Liu Deyi. Characteristics and geological significance of Liuyang-type chrysanthemum - stone from Hunan province[J]. Sedimentary Facies and Palaeogeography, 1988, 8(3/4): 41-50]
[3]	吕炳全,瞿建忠. 下扬子地区早二叠世海进和上升流形成的缺氧环境的沉积[J]. 科学通报,1989,34(22):1721-1724[Lü Bingquan, Qu Jianzhong. The anoxic sediments related to the Early Permian transgression and upflow environment in the Lower Yangtze area[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 1989, 34(22): 1721-1724]
[4]	吴胜和,冯增昭,何幼斌. 中下扬子地区二叠纪缺氧环境研究[J]. 沉积学报,1994,12(2):29-36[Wu Shenghe, Feng Zengzhao, He Youbin. Study on anoxic environments of Permian in the Middle and Lower Yangtze region[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 1994, 12(2): 29-36]
[5]	颜佳新,方念乔. 湖北省栖霞组沉积环境、沉积旋回及层序地层划分[J]. 地球科学,1994,19(5):620-626[Yan Jiaxin, Fang Nianqiao. Depositional environments, cycles and sequences of Chisia Formation in Hubei province[J]. Earth Science, 1994, 19(5): 620-626]
[6]	颜佳新,徐四平,李方林. 湖北巴东栖霞组缺氧沉积环境的地球化学特征[J]. 岩相古地理,1998,18(6):27-32[Yan Jiaxin, Xu Siping, Li Fanglin. Geochemistry of the anaerobic sedimentary environments of the Qixia Formation in Badong, Hubei[J]. Sedimentary Facies and Palaeogeography, 1998, 18(6): 27-32]
[7]	施春华,胡瑞忠,颜佳新. 栖霞组沉积地球化学特征及其环境意义[J]. 矿物岩石地球化学通报,2004,23(2):144-148[Shi Chunhua, Hu Ruizhong, Yan Jiaxin. Sedimentary geochemistry of the Qixia Formation and its environmental implication[J]. Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry, 2004, 23(2): 144-148]
[8]	施春华,黄秋,颜佳新. 广西来宾栖霞组缺氧沉积环境地球化学特征[J]. 地质地球化学,2001,29(4):35-39[Shi Chunhua, Huang Qiu, Yan Jiaxin. Geochemistry of anaerobic sedimentary environments of the Qixia Formation in Laibin, Guangxi[J].Geology Geochemistry, 2001, 29(4): 35-39]
[9]	施春华,黄秋,颜佳新. 广西来宾栖霞组缺氧沉积环境的地球化学特征[J]. 沉积与特提斯地质,2001,21(2):72-77[Shi Chunhua, Huang Qiu, Yan Jiaxin. Geochemistry of the anaerobic sedimentary environments of Qixia Formation in Laibin, Guangxi[J]. Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology, 2001, 21(2): 72-77]
[10]	施春华,胡瑞忠,颜佳新. 华南地区栖霞组沉积地球化学特征研究[J]. 地质科技情报,2004,23(1):33-37[Shi Chunhua, Hu Ruizhong, Yan Jiaxin. Geochemical features of the sedimentation of Qixia Formation in South China[J]. Geological Science and Technology Information, 2004, 23(1): 33-37]
[11]	马丽芳,《中国地质图集》编委会. 中国地质图集[M]. 北京:地质出版社,2002[Ma Lifang, Editorial Committee of “Geological Atlas of China”. Geological Atlas of China [M]. Beijing: Geological Publishing House, 2002]
[12]	Yan D P, Zhou M F, Song H L,et al. Origin and tectonic significance of a Mesozoic multi-layer over-thrust system within the Yangtze Block (South China) [J]. Tectonophysics, 2003, 361(3/4): 239-254
[13]	颜佳新,伍明,李方林,等. 湖北省巴东栖霞组沉积成岩作用地球化学特征研究[J]. 沉积学报,1998,16(4):78-83[Yan Jiaxin, Wu Ming, Li Fanglin, et al. Geochemistry of sedimentation and diagenesis in Qixia Formation(Early Permian) of Badong, Hubei province[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 1998, 16(4): 78-83]
[14]	Kaufman A J, Jacobsen S B, Knoll A H. The Vendian record of Sr and C isotopic variations in seawater: implications for tectonics and paleoclimate[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 1993, 120(3/4): 409-430
[15]	Derry L A, Brasier M D, Corfield R M,et al. Sr and C isotopes in Lower Cambrian carbonates from the Siberian craton: a paleoenvironmental record during the‘Cambrian explosion’[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 1994, 128(3/4): 678-681
[16]	旷红伟,柳永清,彭楠,等. 辽东大连新元古代臼齿碳酸盐岩地球化学特征及其地质意义[J]. 地学前缘,2011,18(4):25-40[Kuang Hongwei, Liu Yongqing, Peng Nan, et al. Geochemistry of the Neoproterozoic molar-tooth carbonates in Dalian, eastern Liaoning, China, and its geological implications[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2011, 18(4): 25-40]
[17]	李双应,金福全,王道轩. 碳酸盐岩成岩作用的微量元素地球化学特征[J]. 石油实验地质,1995,17(1):55-62[Li Shuangying, Jin Fuquan, Wang Daoxuan. Geochemical characteristics of carbonate rocks diagenesis[J]. Experimental Petroleum Geology, 1995, 17(1): 55-62]
[18]	Land L S, Goreau T F. Submarine lithification of Jamacian reefs[J]. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 1970, 40(1): 457-462
[19]	Kinaman D J J. Interpretation of Sr²⁺ concentrations in carbonate minerals and rocks[J]. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 1969, 39(2): 486-508
[20]	Baker P A, Burns S J. Occurrence and formation of dolomite in organic-rich continental margin sediments[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1985, 69(11): 1917-1930
[21]	倪善芹,侯泉林,王安建,等. 碳酸盐岩中锶元素地球化学特征及其指示意义——以北京下古生界碳酸盐岩为例[J]. 地质学报,2010,84(10):1510-1516 [Ni Shanqin, Hou Quanlin, Wang Anjian, et al. Geochemical characteristics of carbonate rocks and its geological implications-Taking the Lower Palaeozoic carbonate rock of Beijing area as an example[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2010, 84(10): 1510-1516]
[22]	颜佳新,伍明. 显生宙海水成分、碳酸盐沉积和生物演化系统研究进展[J]. 地质科技情报,2006,25(3):1-7 [Yan Jiaxin, Wu Ming. Synchronized oscillations in Phanerozoic chemical composition of seawater, carbonate sedimentation and biotic evolution: progresses and prospects [J]. Geological Science and Technology Information, 2006, 25(3): 1-7]
[23]	Haskin L A, Haskin M A, Frey F A,et al. Relative and absolute terrestrial abundances of the rare earths[C]//Ahrens L H. Origin and distribution of the elements. Oxford: Pergamon, 1968, 1: 889-911
[24]	王随继,黄杏珍,妥进才,等. 泌阳凹陷核桃园组微量元素演化特征及其古气候意义[J]. 沉积学报,1997,15(1):65-70[Wang Suiji, Huang Xingzhen, Tuo Jincai, et al. Evolutional characteristics and their paleoclimate significance of trace elements in the Hetaoyuan Formation, Biyang depression[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 1997, 15(1): 65-70]
[25]	经雅丽,张克信,林启祥,等. 浙江长兴煤山下三叠统和龙山组、南陵湖组沉积地球化学特征与古环境意义[J]. 地质科技情报,2005,24(1):35-40[Jing Yali, Zhang Kexin, Lin Qixiang, et al. Sedimentary geochemistry characteristics and paleoenvironmental meaning of Helongshan Formation and Nanlinghu Formation in Meishan, Changxing county, Zhejiang province[J]. Geological Science and Technology Information, 2005, 24(1): 35-40]
[26]	杨振宇,沈渭洲,郑连弟. 广西来宾蓬莱滩二叠纪瓜德鲁普统—乐平统界线剖面元素和同位素地球化学研究及地质意义[J]. 地质学报,2009,83(1):1-15[Yang Zhenyu, Shen Weizhou, Zheng Liandi. Elements and isotopic geochemistry of Guadalupian - Luopingian boundary profile at the Penglaitan section of Laibin, Guangxi province, and its geological implications[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2009, 83(1): 1-15]
[27]	汪凯明,罗顺社. 燕山地区中元古界高于庄组和杨庄组地球化学特征及环境意义[J]. 矿物岩石地球化学通报,2009,28(4):356-364[Wang Kaiming, Luo Shunshe. Geochemical characteristics and environmental significance of Gaoyuzhuang and Yangzhuang Formations in Yanshan region[J]. Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry, 2009, 28(4): 356-364]
[28]	汪凯明,罗顺社. 碳酸盐岩地球化学特征与沉积环境判别意义——以冀北坳陷长城系高于庄组为例[J]. 石油与天然气地质,2009,30(3):343-349[Wang Kaiming, Luo Shunshe. Geochemical characters of carbonates and indicative significance of sedimentary environment - An example from the Gaoyuzhuang Formation of the Changcheng System in the northern Hebei depression[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2009, 30(3): 343-349]
[29]	Tribovillard N, Algeo T J, Lyons T,et al. Trace metals as paleoredox and paleoproductivity proxies: An update[J]. Chemical Geology, 2006, 232(1/2): 12-32
[30]	Riquier L, Tribovillard N, Averbuch O,et al. The Late Frasnian Kellwasser horizons of the Harz Mountains (Germany): Two oxygen-deficient periods resulting from different mechanisms[J]. Chemical Geology, 2006, 233(1/2): 137-155
[31]	Wei H Y, Chen D Z, Wang J G,et al. Organic accumulation in the lower Chihsia Formation (Middle Permian) of South China: Constraints from pyrite morphology and multiple geochemical proxies[J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 2012, 353-355: 73-86
[32]	Gromet L P, Dymek R F, Haskin L A,et al. The "North American shale composite": its compilation, major and trace element characteristics[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 1984, 48: 2469-2482
[33]	Jones B, Manning D A C. Comparison of geochemical indices used for the interpretation of palaeoredox conditions in ancient mudstones[J]. Chemical Geology, 1994, 111(1/2/3/4): 111-129
[34]	Hatch J R, Leventhal J S. Relationship between inferred redox potential of the depositional environment and geochemistry of the Upper Pennsylvanian (Missourian) stark shale Member of the Dennis limestone, Wabaunsee County, Kansas, U.S.A.[J]. Chemical Geology, 1992, 99(1/2/3): 65-82
[35]	Thomas J A, Maynard J B. Trace-element behavior and redox facies in core shales of Upper Pennsylvanian Kansas-type cyclothems[J]. Chemical Geology, 2004, 206(3/4): 289-318

Proportional views

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

Get Citation

PDF

XML

Article Metrics

Article views(918) PDF downloads(1036) Cited by()

Proportional views

Geochemical Characteristics and Its Paleoenvironmental Implication of Permian Qixia Formation in Shizhu, Chongqing

Wuhan Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, Wuhan 430205

Received Date: 2013-11-14

Rev Recd Date: 2014-02-21

Publish Date: 2014-12-10

Key words:

Abstract: Observations from outcrop, thin sections and geochemical analyses of limestone samples collected from Middle Permian Qixia Formation at Jinlingxiang section in Shizhu, Chongqing City, make it possible to reveal characteristics of geochemistry and paleoenvironment. The 10 samples have low contents in SiO₂ (<5%), MgO(<2.5%), low ratios of Mn/Sr(<0.1), Fe/Sr(<1), high contents in Sr(average: 1 751×10^-6), δ¹⁸O_PDB(>-10‰), meanwhile, SiO₂ are strong positive correlated with MgO, which imply that samples have not experienced intense dolomitization and silicification implying no alteration on the chemical nature during diagenetic processes. Thus, they could be used as reliable objects to reconstruct paleoenvironment. Samples are usually high in CaO (average:53.81%) content, low in Na₂O(average: 0.051%), Al₂O₃(average: 0.17%), TiO₂(average: 0.012%)contents, which indicate stable marine paleoenvironment barely with terrigenous input. Low ratios of MgO/CaO(average:0.026), high ratios of 100×(MgO/Al₂O₃) (average:1241), Sr/Ba(average:286) integrated with 1 000×(Sr/Ca) (average:4.54) hint that Qixia Formation deposited in continental shelf (far shore) under humid climate. Geochemical indices for palaeoredox conditions, for example, U/Al, V/Al, Mo/Al, Cr/Al, Co/Al, V/(V+Ni) and U/Th, conform that the carbonate successions in the study area were accumulated in a dysaerobic-anaerobic environment. Terrestrial elements Σ(Al₂O₃+TiO₂) contents decrease gradually, seawater depth indices: ratios of Sr/Ba and 1 000×(Sr/Ca) increase steadily from bottom to top, which reflect the coast were further away, terrigenous supply reduced gradually and sea level continued rising during deposition.

HTML

Reference (35)

[1]	刘宝珺,许效松,潘杏南,等. 中国南方古大陆沉积地壳演化与成矿[M]. 北京:科学出版社,1993[Liu Baojun, Xu Xiaosong, Pan Xingnan, et al. Sedimentary Crust Evolution of Paleocontinent and Metallogeny in Southern China [M]. Beijing: Science Press, 1993]
[2]	刘德镒. 浏阳式菊花石的特征及其地质意义[J]. 岩相古地理,1988,8(3/4):41-50[Liu Deyi. Characteristics and geological significance of Liuyang-type chrysanthemum - stone from Hunan province[J]. Sedimentary Facies and Palaeogeography, 1988, 8(3/4): 41-50]
[3]	吕炳全,瞿建忠. 下扬子地区早二叠世海进和上升流形成的缺氧环境的沉积[J]. 科学通报,1989,34(22):1721-1724[Lü Bingquan, Qu Jianzhong. The anoxic sediments related to the Early Permian transgression and upflow environment in the Lower Yangtze area[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 1989, 34(22): 1721-1724]
[4]	吴胜和,冯增昭,何幼斌. 中下扬子地区二叠纪缺氧环境研究[J]. 沉积学报,1994,12(2):29-36[Wu Shenghe, Feng Zengzhao, He Youbin. Study on anoxic environments of Permian in the Middle and Lower Yangtze region[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 1994, 12(2): 29-36]
[5]	颜佳新,方念乔. 湖北省栖霞组沉积环境、沉积旋回及层序地层划分[J]. 地球科学,1994,19(5):620-626[Yan Jiaxin, Fang Nianqiao. Depositional environments, cycles and sequences of Chisia Formation in Hubei province[J]. Earth Science, 1994, 19(5): 620-626]
[6]	颜佳新,徐四平,李方林. 湖北巴东栖霞组缺氧沉积环境的地球化学特征[J]. 岩相古地理,1998,18(6):27-32[Yan Jiaxin, Xu Siping, Li Fanglin. Geochemistry of the anaerobic sedimentary environments of the Qixia Formation in Badong, Hubei[J]. Sedimentary Facies and Palaeogeography, 1998, 18(6): 27-32]
[7]	施春华,胡瑞忠,颜佳新. 栖霞组沉积地球化学特征及其环境意义[J]. 矿物岩石地球化学通报,2004,23(2):144-148[Shi Chunhua, Hu Ruizhong, Yan Jiaxin. Sedimentary geochemistry of the Qixia Formation and its environmental implication[J]. Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry, 2004, 23(2): 144-148]
[8]	施春华,黄秋,颜佳新. 广西来宾栖霞组缺氧沉积环境地球化学特征[J]. 地质地球化学,2001,29(4):35-39[Shi Chunhua, Huang Qiu, Yan Jiaxin. Geochemistry of anaerobic sedimentary environments of the Qixia Formation in Laibin, Guangxi[J].Geology Geochemistry, 2001, 29(4): 35-39]
[9]	施春华,黄秋,颜佳新. 广西来宾栖霞组缺氧沉积环境的地球化学特征[J]. 沉积与特提斯地质,2001,21(2):72-77[Shi Chunhua, Huang Qiu, Yan Jiaxin. Geochemistry of the anaerobic sedimentary environments of Qixia Formation in Laibin, Guangxi[J]. Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology, 2001, 21(2): 72-77]
[10]	施春华,胡瑞忠,颜佳新. 华南地区栖霞组沉积地球化学特征研究[J]. 地质科技情报,2004,23(1):33-37[Shi Chunhua, Hu Ruizhong, Yan Jiaxin. Geochemical features of the sedimentation of Qixia Formation in South China[J]. Geological Science and Technology Information, 2004, 23(1): 33-37]
[11]	马丽芳,《中国地质图集》编委会. 中国地质图集[M]. 北京:地质出版社,2002[Ma Lifang, Editorial Committee of “Geological Atlas of China”. Geological Atlas of China [M]. Beijing: Geological Publishing House, 2002]
[12]	Yan D P, Zhou M F, Song H L,et al. Origin and tectonic significance of a Mesozoic multi-layer over-thrust system within the Yangtze Block (South China) [J]. Tectonophysics, 2003, 361(3/4): 239-254
[13]	颜佳新,伍明,李方林,等. 湖北省巴东栖霞组沉积成岩作用地球化学特征研究[J]. 沉积学报,1998,16(4):78-83[Yan Jiaxin, Wu Ming, Li Fanglin, et al. Geochemistry of sedimentation and diagenesis in Qixia Formation(Early Permian) of Badong, Hubei province[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 1998, 16(4): 78-83]
[14]	Kaufman A J, Jacobsen S B, Knoll A H. The Vendian record of Sr and C isotopic variations in seawater: implications for tectonics and paleoclimate[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 1993, 120(3/4): 409-430
[15]	Derry L A, Brasier M D, Corfield R M,et al. Sr and C isotopes in Lower Cambrian carbonates from the Siberian craton: a paleoenvironmental record during the‘Cambrian explosion’[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 1994, 128(3/4): 678-681
[16]	旷红伟,柳永清,彭楠,等. 辽东大连新元古代臼齿碳酸盐岩地球化学特征及其地质意义[J]. 地学前缘,2011,18(4):25-40[Kuang Hongwei, Liu Yongqing, Peng Nan, et al. Geochemistry of the Neoproterozoic molar-tooth carbonates in Dalian, eastern Liaoning, China, and its geological implications[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2011, 18(4): 25-40]
[17]	李双应,金福全,王道轩. 碳酸盐岩成岩作用的微量元素地球化学特征[J]. 石油实验地质,1995,17(1):55-62[Li Shuangying, Jin Fuquan, Wang Daoxuan. Geochemical characteristics of carbonate rocks diagenesis[J]. Experimental Petroleum Geology, 1995, 17(1): 55-62]
[18]	Land L S, Goreau T F. Submarine lithification of Jamacian reefs[J]. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 1970, 40(1): 457-462
[19]	Kinaman D J J. Interpretation of Sr²⁺ concentrations in carbonate minerals and rocks[J]. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 1969, 39(2): 486-508
[20]	Baker P A, Burns S J. Occurrence and formation of dolomite in organic-rich continental margin sediments[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1985, 69(11): 1917-1930
[21]	倪善芹,侯泉林,王安建,等. 碳酸盐岩中锶元素地球化学特征及其指示意义——以北京下古生界碳酸盐岩为例[J]. 地质学报,2010,84(10):1510-1516 [Ni Shanqin, Hou Quanlin, Wang Anjian, et al. Geochemical characteristics of carbonate rocks and its geological implications-Taking the Lower Palaeozoic carbonate rock of Beijing area as an example[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2010, 84(10): 1510-1516]
[22]	颜佳新,伍明. 显生宙海水成分、碳酸盐沉积和生物演化系统研究进展[J]. 地质科技情报,2006,25(3):1-7 [Yan Jiaxin, Wu Ming. Synchronized oscillations in Phanerozoic chemical composition of seawater, carbonate sedimentation and biotic evolution: progresses and prospects [J]. Geological Science and Technology Information, 2006, 25(3): 1-7]
[23]	Haskin L A, Haskin M A, Frey F A,et al. Relative and absolute terrestrial abundances of the rare earths[C]//Ahrens L H. Origin and distribution of the elements. Oxford: Pergamon, 1968, 1: 889-911
[24]	王随继,黄杏珍,妥进才,等. 泌阳凹陷核桃园组微量元素演化特征及其古气候意义[J]. 沉积学报,1997,15(1):65-70[Wang Suiji, Huang Xingzhen, Tuo Jincai, et al. Evolutional characteristics and their paleoclimate significance of trace elements in the Hetaoyuan Formation, Biyang depression[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 1997, 15(1): 65-70]
[25]	经雅丽,张克信,林启祥,等. 浙江长兴煤山下三叠统和龙山组、南陵湖组沉积地球化学特征与古环境意义[J]. 地质科技情报,2005,24(1):35-40[Jing Yali, Zhang Kexin, Lin Qixiang, et al. Sedimentary geochemistry characteristics and paleoenvironmental meaning of Helongshan Formation and Nanlinghu Formation in Meishan, Changxing county, Zhejiang province[J]. Geological Science and Technology Information, 2005, 24(1): 35-40]
[26]	杨振宇,沈渭洲,郑连弟. 广西来宾蓬莱滩二叠纪瓜德鲁普统—乐平统界线剖面元素和同位素地球化学研究及地质意义[J]. 地质学报,2009,83(1):1-15[Yang Zhenyu, Shen Weizhou, Zheng Liandi. Elements and isotopic geochemistry of Guadalupian - Luopingian boundary profile at the Penglaitan section of Laibin, Guangxi province, and its geological implications[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2009, 83(1): 1-15]
[27]	汪凯明,罗顺社. 燕山地区中元古界高于庄组和杨庄组地球化学特征及环境意义[J]. 矿物岩石地球化学通报,2009,28(4):356-364[Wang Kaiming, Luo Shunshe. Geochemical characteristics and environmental significance of Gaoyuzhuang and Yangzhuang Formations in Yanshan region[J]. Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry, 2009, 28(4): 356-364]
[28]	汪凯明,罗顺社. 碳酸盐岩地球化学特征与沉积环境判别意义——以冀北坳陷长城系高于庄组为例[J]. 石油与天然气地质,2009,30(3):343-349[Wang Kaiming, Luo Shunshe. Geochemical characters of carbonates and indicative significance of sedimentary environment - An example from the Gaoyuzhuang Formation of the Changcheng System in the northern Hebei depression[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2009, 30(3): 343-349]
[29]	Tribovillard N, Algeo T J, Lyons T,et al. Trace metals as paleoredox and paleoproductivity proxies: An update[J]. Chemical Geology, 2006, 232(1/2): 12-32
[30]	Riquier L, Tribovillard N, Averbuch O,et al. The Late Frasnian Kellwasser horizons of the Harz Mountains (Germany): Two oxygen-deficient periods resulting from different mechanisms[J]. Chemical Geology, 2006, 233(1/2): 137-155
[31]	Wei H Y, Chen D Z, Wang J G,et al. Organic accumulation in the lower Chihsia Formation (Middle Permian) of South China: Constraints from pyrite morphology and multiple geochemical proxies[J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 2012, 353-355: 73-86
[32]	Gromet L P, Dymek R F, Haskin L A,et al. The "North American shale composite": its compilation, major and trace element characteristics[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 1984, 48: 2469-2482
[33]	Jones B, Manning D A C. Comparison of geochemical indices used for the interpretation of palaeoredox conditions in ancient mudstones[J]. Chemical Geology, 1994, 111(1/2/3/4): 111-129
[34]	Hatch J R, Leventhal J S. Relationship between inferred redox potential of the depositional environment and geochemistry of the Upper Pennsylvanian (Missourian) stark shale Member of the Dennis limestone, Wabaunsee County, Kansas, U.S.A.[J]. Chemical Geology, 1992, 99(1/2/3): 65-82
[35]	Thomas J A, Maynard J B. Trace-element behavior and redox facies in core shales of Upper Pennsylvanian Kansas-type cyclothems[J]. Chemical Geology, 2004, 206(3/4): 289-318

Geochemical Characteristics and Its Paleoenvironmental Implication of Permian Qixia Formation in Shizhu, Chongqing

Abstract

References

Proportional views

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

Article Metrics

Proportional views

Related