The Paleogene Foreland Basin and Sedimentary Responses in the Southern Tibet: Analysis on Sequence Stratigraphy

LI Guo-biao; WAN Xiao-qiao; DING Lin; LIU Wen-can; GAO Lian-feng

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Article Navigation > Acta Sedimentologica Sinica > 2004 > 22(3): 455-464

LI Guo-biao, WAN Xiao-qiao, DING Lin, LIU Wen-can, GAO Lian-feng. The Paleogene Foreland Basin and Sedimentary Responses in the Southern Tibet: Analysis on Sequence Stratigraphy[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2004, 22(3): 455-464.

Citation:

The Paleogene Foreland Basin and Sedimentary Responses in the Southern Tibet: Analysis on Sequence Stratigraphy

1.
China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083;
2.
Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029

Received Date: 2003-07-02
Rev Recd Date: 2003-09-03
Publish Date: 2004-09-10

Abstract

Triassic to Paleogene,Tethyan Himalaya went through the forming, exaggerating, attenuating, closing and finally transforming into foreland basin of the oceanic basin. During the passive continental margin stage (T-K),a set of sedimentary sequence of clastic shelf to carbonate platform was developed in the northern Indian continent margin. At the earliest Paleogene,Tibet-Tethys was closed down,causing the forming of the southern Tibet peripheral foreland basin system. In late Eocene,the returning of the southern Tibet foreland basin caused the sea-water to retreat gradually from Tibet area from east to west. The Paleocene supersequence of the southern Tibet was formed under the background of the India/Asia collision,the sedimentary environment of which was a foreland basin with strong tectonic activity. Sedimentary facies is the substance exhibition of depositional environments. In this study, 13 biofacies and 14 sedimentary facies were recognized from the Paleogene sediments of the southern Tibet. The supersequence with 200-2000m thickness and 30Ma age is composed of nine large-scale third-class sequences which could be regionally correlated on the outcrops. Small-scale third-class parasequence sets, which resulted from the global sea-level change and unbalancedly flexual subsidence of basin basement caused by collision and only can be locally correlated, formed larger-scale sequences. Every large-scale third class sequence is asymmetrical and characterized by LST,TST and HST with special lithologic associations and palaeontological assemblages. The evolution of the southern Tibet foreland basin is accordant with the usual evolutional model of foreland basin and its sedimentary sequence shows that it had a multi-cycle sediment-tectonic evolutional history.
- coal accumulation,
- sequence stratigraphy,
- Badaowan formation,
- Jurassic,
- Junggar basin

References

[1]	Rewley D B. Age of initional of collision between India and Asia: A review of stratigraphic data. Earth Planet of Science Letters, 1996, 145: 1～13
[2]	万晓樵.西藏第三纪有孔虫生物地层及地理环境. 现代地质,1987,1(1):15～47[Wan X Q. Tertiary foraminifera biostrata and paleogeographic environment of Tibet. Modern Geology, 1987, 1(1):15～47]
[3]	万晓樵. 西藏白垩纪-早第三纪有孔虫与特提斯喜马拉雅海的演化. 微体古生物学报, 1990, 7(2):169～186[WAN X Q. Cretaceous-Tertiary foraminifera and evolution of Tethys-Himalaya sea. Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica, 1990,7(2):169～186]
[4]	郝诒纯, 万晓樵. 西藏定日地区的海相白垩、第三系. 见:青藏高原地质文集,第17集. 北京:地质出版社, 1985. 227～232[Hao Yichun, Wan Xiaoqiao. Marine Cretaceous and Tertuary in Tingri area, Tibet. Contributions to Qinghai-Xicang(Tibet) Geology. Beijing: Geological Publishing House, 1985. 227～232]
[5]	周志澄, Willems H, 章炳高. 西藏南部白垩系及下第三系的生物相及遗迹相. 微体古生物学报, 1998, 15(3):307～317[Zhou Zhicheng, Williams H, Zhang Binggao. Cretaceous-Paleogene biofacies and ichnofacies in southern Tibet. Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica, 1998, 15(3):307～317]
[6]	李国彪,万晓樵,其和日格,等. 西藏岗巴-定日地区始新世化石碳酸岩盐微相及沉积环境. 中国地质, 2002, 29(4):401～406[Li Guobiao, Wan Xiaoqiao, Qihe Rige, et al. Eocene fossil carbonate microfacies and sedimentary environment in Gamba-Tingri,southern Tibet. Geology in China, 2002, 29(4):401～406]
[7]	李国彪,万晓樵. 藏南岗巴-定日地区始新世的微体古生物与特提斯的消亡. 地层学杂志,2003,27(2): 99～108[LI Guobiao, Wan Xiaoqiao. Eocene microfossils in southern Tibet and the final closing of the Tibet-Tethys. Journal of Stratigraphy, 2003, 27(2): 99～108]
[8]	丁林. 西藏雅鲁藏布江缝合带古新世深水沉积和放射虫动物群的发现及对前陆盆地演化的制约. 中国科学 (D辑),2003,33(1): 47～58[Ding L. Paleocene deep-water sediments and radiolarian faunas: Implications for evolution of Yarlung-Zangbo foreland basin, southern Tibet. Science in China (Series D), 2003, 33(1): 47～58]
[9]	王成善,李祥辉,胡修棉. 再论印度-亚洲大陆碰撞的启动时间. 地质学报, 2003,77(1):16～24[Wang C S, Li X H, Hu X M. Age of initial collision of India with Asia: Review and constraints from sediments in southern Tibet. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2003, 77(1): 16～24]
[10]	李曰俊, 陈从喜, 买光荣, 等. 陆-陆碰撞造山带双前陆盆地模式--来自大别山、喜马拉雅和乌拉尔造山带的证据. 地球学报, 2000, 21(1): 7～16[Li Y, Chen C, Mai G., et al, Dual foreland basin model for continent-continent collisonal orogenic belt: evidences from Dabieshan, Himalaya and Ural orogenic zones. Acta Geoscientia Sinica, 2000, 21(1): 7～16]
[11]	Allen P A,Crampton S L,Sinclair H D. The inception and early evolution of the North Alpine Foreland Basin. Switzerland.Basin research, 1991, 3: 143～163
[12]	Lihou J C. A new look at the Blattengrat unit of eastern Switzerland: early Tertiary foreland basin sediments from the Helvetic realm. Eclogae Geol.Helv., 1995, 88(1): 91～94
[13]	李勇,王成善,伊海生. 西藏金沙江缝合带西段晚三叠世碰撞作用与沉积响应. 沉积学报,2003,21(2):191～197[Li Yong, Wang Chengshan and Yi Haisheng. The Late Triassic collision and sedimentary responses in the western segment of Jinshajiang suture, Tibet. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2003, 21(2): 191～197]
[14]	Dorobek S L. Synorogenic carbonate platforms and reefs in foreland basin: controls on stratigraphic evolution and platform reef morphology. In: Dorobek S L, Ross G M, eds. Stratigraphic evolution of foreland Basins. Tulsa, Oklalioma: SEPM Special Publication, 1995, 52: 127～147
[15]	Sinclair H D. Tectonostratigraphic model for underfilled peripheral foreland basins: An Alpine perspective. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 1997, 109: 324～34610
[16]	Seilacher A. Bathymetry of trace fossils. Marine Geology,1967, 5: 413～428
[17]	夏代祥,刘世坤. 全国地层多重划分对比研究(54) :西藏自治区岩石地层. 武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1997. 240～245[Xia Daixiang, Liu Shikun. Multiple classification and correlation of the stratigraphy of China(54): Stratigraphy (Lithostratic) of Xizang autonomous region. Wuhan: China University of Geosciences Press, 1997. 54: 240～245]
[18]	余光明,王成善.西藏特提斯沉积地质.地质专报,第12号.北京: 地质出版社,1990.1～153[Yu Guangming, Wang Chengshan. Sedimentary Geology of Tethys in Tibet. Beijing: Geological Publishing House,1993. 3(12): 1～153]
[19]	Vail P R,Audemard F,Bowman S A. The stratigraphic signatures of tectonics,eustacy and sedimentology-An overview. In: Einsele G,Ricken W,Seilacher A,eds. Cycles and Events in Stratigraphy. Berlin: Springer-Verlag. 1991. 617～659
[20]	Mitchum R M Jr and Van Wagopner J C. High frequency sequence and their stacking patterns: sequence-stratigraphic evidence of high-frequency eustatic cycles. Sedimentary Geology,1991,70: 131～160
[21]	王鸿祯,史晓颖,王训练,等. 中国层序地层学研究. 广州:广东科技出版社, 2000[Wang H Z, Shi X Y, Wang X L, et al. Research on the Sequnce Stratigraphy of China. Guangzhou: Guangdong Science & Technology Press, 2000]

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

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The Paleogene Foreland Basin and Sedimentary Responses in the Southern Tibet: Analysis on Sequence Stratigraphy

1. China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083;

2. Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029

Received Date: 2003-07-02

Rev Recd Date: 2003-09-03

Publish Date: 2004-09-10

Key words:

Abstract: Triassic to Paleogene,Tethyan Himalaya went through the forming, exaggerating, attenuating, closing and finally transforming into foreland basin of the oceanic basin. During the passive continental margin stage (T-K),a set of sedimentary sequence of clastic shelf to carbonate platform was developed in the northern Indian continent margin. At the earliest Paleogene,Tibet-Tethys was closed down,causing the forming of the southern Tibet peripheral foreland basin system. In late Eocene,the returning of the southern Tibet foreland basin caused the sea-water to retreat gradually from Tibet area from east to west. The Paleocene supersequence of the southern Tibet was formed under the background of the India/Asia collision,the sedimentary environment of which was a foreland basin with strong tectonic activity. Sedimentary facies is the substance exhibition of depositional environments. In this study, 13 biofacies and 14 sedimentary facies were recognized from the Paleogene sediments of the southern Tibet. The supersequence with 200-2000m thickness and 30Ma age is composed of nine large-scale third-class sequences which could be regionally correlated on the outcrops. Small-scale third-class parasequence sets, which resulted from the global sea-level change and unbalancedly flexual subsidence of basin basement caused by collision and only can be locally correlated, formed larger-scale sequences. Every large-scale third class sequence is asymmetrical and characterized by LST,TST and HST with special lithologic associations and palaeontological assemblages. The evolution of the southern Tibet foreland basin is accordant with the usual evolutional model of foreland basin and its sedimentary sequence shows that it had a multi-cycle sediment-tectonic evolutional history.

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Reference (21)

[1]	Rewley D B. Age of initional of collision between India and Asia: A review of stratigraphic data. Earth Planet of Science Letters, 1996, 145: 1～13
[2]	万晓樵.西藏第三纪有孔虫生物地层及地理环境. 现代地质,1987,1(1):15～47[Wan X Q. Tertiary foraminifera biostrata and paleogeographic environment of Tibet. Modern Geology, 1987, 1(1):15～47]
[3]	万晓樵. 西藏白垩纪-早第三纪有孔虫与特提斯喜马拉雅海的演化. 微体古生物学报, 1990, 7(2):169～186[WAN X Q. Cretaceous-Tertiary foraminifera and evolution of Tethys-Himalaya sea. Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica, 1990,7(2):169～186]
[4]	郝诒纯, 万晓樵. 西藏定日地区的海相白垩、第三系. 见:青藏高原地质文集,第17集. 北京:地质出版社, 1985. 227～232[Hao Yichun, Wan Xiaoqiao. Marine Cretaceous and Tertuary in Tingri area, Tibet. Contributions to Qinghai-Xicang(Tibet) Geology. Beijing: Geological Publishing House, 1985. 227～232]
[5]	周志澄, Willems H, 章炳高. 西藏南部白垩系及下第三系的生物相及遗迹相. 微体古生物学报, 1998, 15(3):307～317[Zhou Zhicheng, Williams H, Zhang Binggao. Cretaceous-Paleogene biofacies and ichnofacies in southern Tibet. Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica, 1998, 15(3):307～317]
[6]	李国彪,万晓樵,其和日格,等. 西藏岗巴-定日地区始新世化石碳酸岩盐微相及沉积环境. 中国地质, 2002, 29(4):401～406[Li Guobiao, Wan Xiaoqiao, Qihe Rige, et al. Eocene fossil carbonate microfacies and sedimentary environment in Gamba-Tingri,southern Tibet. Geology in China, 2002, 29(4):401～406]
[7]	李国彪,万晓樵. 藏南岗巴-定日地区始新世的微体古生物与特提斯的消亡. 地层学杂志,2003,27(2): 99～108[LI Guobiao, Wan Xiaoqiao. Eocene microfossils in southern Tibet and the final closing of the Tibet-Tethys. Journal of Stratigraphy, 2003, 27(2): 99～108]
[8]	丁林. 西藏雅鲁藏布江缝合带古新世深水沉积和放射虫动物群的发现及对前陆盆地演化的制约. 中国科学 (D辑),2003,33(1): 47～58[Ding L. Paleocene deep-water sediments and radiolarian faunas: Implications for evolution of Yarlung-Zangbo foreland basin, southern Tibet. Science in China (Series D), 2003, 33(1): 47～58]
[9]	王成善,李祥辉,胡修棉. 再论印度-亚洲大陆碰撞的启动时间. 地质学报, 2003,77(1):16～24[Wang C S, Li X H, Hu X M. Age of initial collision of India with Asia: Review and constraints from sediments in southern Tibet. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2003, 77(1): 16～24]
[10]	李曰俊, 陈从喜, 买光荣, 等. 陆-陆碰撞造山带双前陆盆地模式--来自大别山、喜马拉雅和乌拉尔造山带的证据. 地球学报, 2000, 21(1): 7～16[Li Y, Chen C, Mai G., et al, Dual foreland basin model for continent-continent collisonal orogenic belt: evidences from Dabieshan, Himalaya and Ural orogenic zones. Acta Geoscientia Sinica, 2000, 21(1): 7～16]
[11]	Allen P A,Crampton S L,Sinclair H D. The inception and early evolution of the North Alpine Foreland Basin. Switzerland.Basin research, 1991, 3: 143～163
[12]	Lihou J C. A new look at the Blattengrat unit of eastern Switzerland: early Tertiary foreland basin sediments from the Helvetic realm. Eclogae Geol.Helv., 1995, 88(1): 91～94
[13]	李勇,王成善,伊海生. 西藏金沙江缝合带西段晚三叠世碰撞作用与沉积响应. 沉积学报,2003,21(2):191～197[Li Yong, Wang Chengshan and Yi Haisheng. The Late Triassic collision and sedimentary responses in the western segment of Jinshajiang suture, Tibet. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2003, 21(2): 191～197]
[14]	Dorobek S L. Synorogenic carbonate platforms and reefs in foreland basin: controls on stratigraphic evolution and platform reef morphology. In: Dorobek S L, Ross G M, eds. Stratigraphic evolution of foreland Basins. Tulsa, Oklalioma: SEPM Special Publication, 1995, 52: 127～147
[15]	Sinclair H D. Tectonostratigraphic model for underfilled peripheral foreland basins: An Alpine perspective. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 1997, 109: 324～34610
[16]	Seilacher A. Bathymetry of trace fossils. Marine Geology,1967, 5: 413～428
[17]	夏代祥,刘世坤. 全国地层多重划分对比研究(54) :西藏自治区岩石地层. 武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1997. 240～245[Xia Daixiang, Liu Shikun. Multiple classification and correlation of the stratigraphy of China(54): Stratigraphy (Lithostratic) of Xizang autonomous region. Wuhan: China University of Geosciences Press, 1997. 54: 240～245]
[18]	余光明,王成善.西藏特提斯沉积地质.地质专报,第12号.北京: 地质出版社,1990.1～153[Yu Guangming, Wang Chengshan. Sedimentary Geology of Tethys in Tibet. Beijing: Geological Publishing House,1993. 3(12): 1～153]
[19]	Vail P R,Audemard F,Bowman S A. The stratigraphic signatures of tectonics,eustacy and sedimentology-An overview. In: Einsele G,Ricken W,Seilacher A,eds. Cycles and Events in Stratigraphy. Berlin: Springer-Verlag. 1991. 617～659
[20]	Mitchum R M Jr and Van Wagopner J C. High frequency sequence and their stacking patterns: sequence-stratigraphic evidence of high-frequency eustatic cycles. Sedimentary Geology,1991,70: 131～160
[21]	王鸿祯,史晓颖,王训练,等. 中国层序地层学研究. 广州:广东科技出版社, 2000[Wang H Z, Shi X Y, Wang X L, et al. Research on the Sequnce Stratigraphy of China. Guangzhou: Guangdong Science & Technology Press, 2000]

The Paleogene Foreland Basin and Sedimentary Responses in the Southern Tibet: Analysis on Sequence Stratigraphy

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