A New Type of Secondary Porosity--Quartz Dissolution Porosity

QIU Long wei; JIANG Zai xing; CHEN Wen xue; LI Xiao hong; XIONG Zhi dong

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Article Navigation > Acta Sedimentologica Sinica > 2002 > 20(4): 621-627

QIU Long wei, JIANG Zai xing, CHEN Wen xue, LI Xiao hong, XIONG Zhi dong. A New Type of Secondary Porosity--Quartz Dissolution Porosity[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2002, 20(4): 621-627.

Citation:

QIU Long wei, JIANG Zai xing, CHEN Wen xue, LI Xiao hong, XIONG Zhi dong. A New Type of Secondary Porosity--Quartz Dissolution Porosity[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2002, 20(4): 621-627.

A New Type of Secondary Porosity--Quartz Dissolution Porosity

1 Petroleum University of China, Dongying, Shangdong 257062;
2 Henan Petroeum Exploration Bureau, Nanyang, Henan 473000;
3 Oil Exploration & Development Institute, Petro China Huabei Oilfield Company, Renqiu, Hebei 062552

Received Date: 2001-11-17
Rev Recd Date: 2002-04-08

Abstract

As one of the most stable petrogenetic minerals in clastic reservoir, quartz isgenerally considered to be indissoluble to directly form secondary porosity during diagenesis, and the dissolved rim of quartz in reservoir has been thought to be the result of dissolution of cements that substituted quartz formerly. In this study, quartz was found to have been dissolved directly in the reservoir of Hetaoyuan formation in Biyang depression, and form a new genetic type of porosity, i. e. quartz dissolution porosity, which is one of the most important porosity types in reservoir in the studied area. The dissolution of quartz reaches 2%～ 7%, and sometimes up to more than 8 %of microscopic porosity in the reservoir rock,, which accounts for 10%～ 35 %of total porosity.Several lines of microscopic evidence for quartz dissolution are listed as follows:( 1)Partial dissolution of clastic quartz. Quartz was dissolved partially to form irregularly rim, isolated grains, intercrystalline pores, sometimes quartz grains can be dissolved partly, and even completely, and result in the for-mation of stretched pores. ( 2)Dissolution of quartz develops along contact seam, the opening of contact seams can form irregular pore throat, which couldnot be the result of dissolution of quartz substituting cements. ( 3)Partial dissolution of quartzose detritus, the erosion of the detritusis obvious, and sometimesit can form honeycombed mi-cropores. ( 4)Shape of carbonate components, both carbonate cements and debritus do not show much dissolution in reservoir rocks of the studied area, however, adjacent quartz grains were dissolved obviously, this further reveals that quartz was dissolved directly.Quartz dissolution in the studied area is the result of sedimentary environment, diagenesis, and evolution of formation water. Biyang depression was an arid to semi-arid subtropical enclosed fault-trough lake during deposi-tion, and the depositional environment of which was an alkaline lake. The original formation water of the reservoir was alkaline to strong alkaline. As a result, together with the influence of alkaline strata, formation water remains its alkalinity mostly during the stages of burial diagenesis. Under such environment, quartz was unstable and easily dissolved. However, early diagenetic stage B is the most important formation period of quartz dissolution and such genetic type of porosity.The existence of aboundant quartz dissolution pores provides new possibility for the interpretation of quartz dissolution itself, SiO ₂ cement, secondary porosity formation, as well as for reservoir prediction and evaluation in clastic reservoir.
- porosity type,
- quartz dissolution diagenesis,
- Biyang depression,

References

[1]	郑浚茂,庞明编著.碎屑储集岩的成岩作用研究[M]. 武汉:中国地质大学出版社, 1989. 82～84、110～112、123～144[Zheng Junmao, Pang Ming, eds. The diagenetic study of clastic reservoir rock[M]. Wuhan: Publishing House of Chinese Geological University, 1989.82～84, 110～112,123～144]
[2]	刘林玉, 陈刚, 柳益群, 邸世祥, 薛祥煦. 碎屑岩储集层溶蚀型次生孔隙发育的影响因素分析[J].沉积学报,1998,16(2): 97～101[Liu Linyu, Chen Gang, Liu Yiqun et al. Analysis on influencing factors of solution-type secondary pore-evolution in clastic reservoirs[J]. Acta Sedimentological Sinica, 1998,16(2): 97～101]
[3]	Gratz A J,Bird P. Quartz dissolution: Theory of rough and smooth surfaces[J]. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta,1993, 57(5): 977～989
[4]	Bennett P C. Quartz dissolution in organic-rich aqueous systems[J]. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 1991, 55(7): 1 781～1 797
[5]	Tester J W, Worley W G, et al. Correlating quartz dissolution kinetics in pure water from 25 to 625℃[J]. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1994, 58(11): 2 407～2 420
[6]	Patricia M. Dove. The dissolution kinetics of quartz in sodium chloride solutions at 25° to 300°[J]. American Journal of Science, 1994, 294: 665～712
[7]	Worley W G,Tester J W,Grigsby C O. Quartz dissolution kinetics from 100～200℃ as a function of pH and ionic strength[J]. AICHE J,1996, 42(12): 3 442～3 457
[8]	张生. 二氧化硅水溶物种与热力学性质[J].世界地质,1997,16(2):16～22[Zhang Sheng, Aqueous species of dissolved silica and their thermodynamic properties[J]. World Geology, 1997,16(2): 16～22]
[9]	刘孟慧, 赵徵林主编. 碎屑岩储层成岩演化模式[M].山东东营:石油大学出版社,1993.10～13[Liu Menhui, Zhao Chenglin. Diagenetic evolutionary pattern of clastic rocks[M]. Shandong Dongying: Petroleum University Press, 1993. 10～13]
[10]	Evans J. Quartz dissolution during shale diagenesis implications for quartz cementation sandstones[J]. Chem. Geol.,1990, 84(1～4): 239～240
[11]	傅强. 成岩作用对储层孔隙的影响--以辽河盆地荣 3 7块气田下第三系为例[J]. 沉积学报,1998,16(3): 92～96[Fu Qiang. Diagenesis Effect on Reservoir Pores-Taking the Rong-37 Block of the Lower Tertiary, Liaohe Basin as an Example[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 1998, 16(3):92～96]
[12]	许建华, 张世奇, 纪友亮. 藏北羌塘盆地中上侏罗统碎屑岩储层成岩演化特征[J]. 石油大学学报 (自然科学版), 2001,25(1): 4～8 [Xu Jianhua, Zhang Shiqi, Ji Youliang. Diagenetic Evolution of Clastic Reservoirs in the Upper and Middle Jurassic in Qiantan Basin of Northern Xizang Area[J]. Journal of the University of Petroleum, China (Edition of Natural Science), 2001,25(1):4～8]
[13]	陈忠, 罗蜇潭, 沈明道, 唐洪鸣. 由储层矿物在碱性驱替剂中的化学行为到砂岩储层次生孔隙的形成[J]. 西南石油学院学报,1996,18(2): 15～19[Chen Zhong, Luo Zhetan, Shen Mingdao, et al. Study of secondary pore formation on the basis of chemical behaviour of minerals in alkaline-flooding agents[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum Institute, 1996,18(2): 15～19]
[14]	张师本, 沈后, 曲新国, 高琴琴等著. 中国含油气盆地第三系(V)-鄂豫皖油气区分册[M]. 北京:石油工业出版社,1993. 19～28[Zhang Shiben, Shen Hou, Qu Xingguo, Gao Qinqin, et al. The Tertiary oil and gas basin of China (V)-fasciculus of E-Yu-Wan oil and gas area[M]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press, 1993.19～28]
[15]	闫存凤,邵宏舜,黄杏珍. 泌阳凹陷核桃园组湖相碳酸盐岩系孢粉相及烃源岩评价[J]. 沉积学报.1998,16(3):115～118[Yan Cunfeng, Shao Hongshun, Huan Xingzhen. Palynofacies and oil potential of carbonate rocks of Tertiary Hetaoyuan formation in Biyang depression[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 1998,16(3): 115～118]
[16]	王振奇,何贞铭,徐龙,赵明跃. 鄂尔多斯盆地葫芦河地区三叠系延长组低渗致密砂岩储层特征研究[J]. 江汉石油学院学报,1998,20(2): 27～33[Wang Zhenqi, He Zhenming, Xu Long, et al. Low permeable compacted sandstone reservoir of the Chang4+5 member of the Yanchang formation (Triassic), Huluhe area, Ordos basin[J]. Journal of Jianghan Petroleum Institute, 1998, 20(2): 27～33]
[17]	曾允孚, 夏文杰. 沉积岩石学[M]. 北京:地质出版社,1986. 194～199[Zeng Yunfu, Xia Wenjie. Sedimentary petrology[M]. Beijing: Geological Publishing House, 1986. 194～199]
[18]	刘宝王君, 张锦泉主编. 沉积成岩作用[M].北京:科学出版社,1992.138[Liu Baojun, Zhang Jinquan. The depositional diagenesis[M], Beijing: Science Press, 1992. 12,138]
[19]	张丽洁,汪本善,马万怡等. 泌阳凹陷羊毛甾烷的检出及其意义初探[J]. 中国科学(D辑),1990,(1):69～71[Zhang Lijie, Wang Benshan, Ma Wanyi, et al. The determination of Lanostanc and primary study of its significance in Biyang depresion[J]. Science of China (Series B), 1990, (1): 69～71]
[20]	蔡春芳, 顾家裕, 蔡洪美. 塔中地区志留系烃类侵位对成岩作用的影响[J]. 沉积学报,2001, 19(1): 60～66[Cai Chunfang, Gu Jiayu, Cai Hongmei. Effect of hydrocarbon emplacement on diagenesis of Silurian sandstone of central Tarim basin[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2001, 19(1): 60～66]
[21]	邱隆伟, 姜在兴, 操应长等. 泌阳凹陷碱性成岩作用及其对储层的影响[J]. 中国科学D辑,2001,31(9): 752～759[Qiu Longwei, Jiang Zaixing, Cao Yingchang, et al. Alkaline diagenesis and its influence on a reservoir in the Biyang depression[J]. Science of China (Series D), 2001, 31(9): 752～759]
[22]	高锡兴著.中国含油气盆地油田水[M]. 北京:石油工业出版社,1994. 143～152[Gao Xixing. The oil field water in oil and gas basin of China[M]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press, 1994. 143～152]
[23]	文冬光, 曾建华. 泌阳碱矿形成的地球化学模拟研究[J]. 地球科学,1997,22(1): 69～74[Wen Dongguang, Zeng Jianhua. Geochemical modeling of the formation of Biyang alkaline deposit[J]. Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences, 1997,22(1): 69～74]
[24]	张立飞,王启明,任磊夫. 陕北鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系泥岩中粘土矿物在埋藏变质过程中的转化[J].中国科学(B辑),1992,(7):760～763[Zhang Lifei, Wang Qiming, Ren Leifu. The transform between clay minerals in burial metamorphism in mudstone of Ordos basin[J]. Science of China (Series B), 1992, (7): 760～763]
[25]	赵伦,赵澄林,涂强.酒东盆地营尔凹陷碎屑岩储层成岩作用特征研究[J].江汉石油学院学报,1998,20(4):12～16[Zhao Lun, Zhao Chenglin, Tu Qiang. Diagenesis of clastic reservoirs in Ying'Er depression of Jiudong basin[J]. Journal of Jianghan Petroleum Institute, 1998,20(4): 12～16]
[26]	王琪,张晓宝,肖立新等.塔西南坳陷碎屑储集岩成岩环境及成岩作用类型[J].新疆地质,1999,17(1): 33～40[Wang Qi, Zhang Xiaobao, Xiao Lixin, et al. Characteristic of diagenetic environments in clastic reservoir of southwest Tarim depression and its controlled diagenesis types[J]. Xinjiang Geology, 1997,17(1): 33～40]
[27]	吕明.莺-琼盆地含气区储层特征[J].天然气工业, 1999,19(1): 20～24[Lu Ming. Reservoir characteristics of the gas-bearing area of Ying-Qiong basin[J]. Gas Industry, 1999,19(1): 20～24]
[28]	叶瑛,沈忠悦,郑丽波,彭晓彤,丁巍伟. 塔里木盆地中新生界储层砂岩自生矿物组合与两种成岩环境[J]. 浙江大学学报 (理学版 ),2000, 27 (3): 307～314[Ye Ying, Shen Zhongyue, Zheng Libo, et al. Authigenic mineral assemblage and two types of diagenetic ambient found in the Meso-Cenozoic reservoir sandstones in Tarim basin[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University (Sciences Edition), 2000, 27(3): 307～314]

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A New Type of Secondary Porosity--Quartz Dissolution Porosity

1 Petroleum University of China, Dongying, Shangdong 257062;

2 Henan Petroeum Exploration Bureau, Nanyang, Henan 473000;

3 Oil Exploration & Development Institute, Petro China Huabei Oilfield Company, Renqiu, Hebei 062552

Received Date: 2001-11-17

Rev Recd Date: 2002-04-08

Key words:

Abstract: As one of the most stable petrogenetic minerals in clastic reservoir, quartz isgenerally considered to be indissoluble to directly form secondary porosity during diagenesis, and the dissolved rim of quartz in reservoir has been thought to be the result of dissolution of cements that substituted quartz formerly. In this study, quartz was found to have been dissolved directly in the reservoir of Hetaoyuan formation in Biyang depression, and form a new genetic type of porosity, i. e. quartz dissolution porosity, which is one of the most important porosity types in reservoir in the studied area. The dissolution of quartz reaches 2%～ 7%, and sometimes up to more than 8 %of microscopic porosity in the reservoir rock,, which accounts for 10%～ 35 %of total porosity.Several lines of microscopic evidence for quartz dissolution are listed as follows:( 1)Partial dissolution of clastic quartz. Quartz was dissolved partially to form irregularly rim, isolated grains, intercrystalline pores, sometimes quartz grains can be dissolved partly, and even completely, and result in the for-mation of stretched pores. ( 2)Dissolution of quartz develops along contact seam, the opening of contact seams can form irregular pore throat, which couldnot be the result of dissolution of quartz substituting cements. ( 3)Partial dissolution of quartzose detritus, the erosion of the detritusis obvious, and sometimesit can form honeycombed mi-cropores. ( 4)Shape of carbonate components, both carbonate cements and debritus do not show much dissolution in reservoir rocks of the studied area, however, adjacent quartz grains were dissolved obviously, this further reveals that quartz was dissolved directly.Quartz dissolution in the studied area is the result of sedimentary environment, diagenesis, and evolution of formation water. Biyang depression was an arid to semi-arid subtropical enclosed fault-trough lake during deposi-tion, and the depositional environment of which was an alkaline lake. The original formation water of the reservoir was alkaline to strong alkaline. As a result, together with the influence of alkaline strata, formation water remains its alkalinity mostly during the stages of burial diagenesis. Under such environment, quartz was unstable and easily dissolved. However, early diagenetic stage B is the most important formation period of quartz dissolution and such genetic type of porosity.The existence of aboundant quartz dissolution pores provides new possibility for the interpretation of quartz dissolution itself, SiO ₂ cement, secondary porosity formation, as well as for reservoir prediction and evaluation in clastic reservoir.

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Reference (28)

[1]	郑浚茂,庞明编著.碎屑储集岩的成岩作用研究[M]. 武汉:中国地质大学出版社, 1989. 82～84、110～112、123～144[Zheng Junmao, Pang Ming, eds. The diagenetic study of clastic reservoir rock[M]. Wuhan: Publishing House of Chinese Geological University, 1989.82～84, 110～112,123～144]
[2]	刘林玉, 陈刚, 柳益群, 邸世祥, 薛祥煦. 碎屑岩储集层溶蚀型次生孔隙发育的影响因素分析[J].沉积学报,1998,16(2): 97～101[Liu Linyu, Chen Gang, Liu Yiqun et al. Analysis on influencing factors of solution-type secondary pore-evolution in clastic reservoirs[J]. Acta Sedimentological Sinica, 1998,16(2): 97～101]
[3]	Gratz A J,Bird P. Quartz dissolution: Theory of rough and smooth surfaces[J]. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta,1993, 57(5): 977～989
[4]	Bennett P C. Quartz dissolution in organic-rich aqueous systems[J]. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 1991, 55(7): 1 781～1 797
[5]	Tester J W, Worley W G, et al. Correlating quartz dissolution kinetics in pure water from 25 to 625℃[J]. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1994, 58(11): 2 407～2 420
[6]	Patricia M. Dove. The dissolution kinetics of quartz in sodium chloride solutions at 25° to 300°[J]. American Journal of Science, 1994, 294: 665～712
[7]	Worley W G,Tester J W,Grigsby C O. Quartz dissolution kinetics from 100～200℃ as a function of pH and ionic strength[J]. AICHE J,1996, 42(12): 3 442～3 457
[8]	张生. 二氧化硅水溶物种与热力学性质[J].世界地质,1997,16(2):16～22[Zhang Sheng, Aqueous species of dissolved silica and their thermodynamic properties[J]. World Geology, 1997,16(2): 16～22]
[9]	刘孟慧, 赵徵林主编. 碎屑岩储层成岩演化模式[M].山东东营:石油大学出版社,1993.10～13[Liu Menhui, Zhao Chenglin. Diagenetic evolutionary pattern of clastic rocks[M]. Shandong Dongying: Petroleum University Press, 1993. 10～13]
[10]	Evans J. Quartz dissolution during shale diagenesis implications for quartz cementation sandstones[J]. Chem. Geol.,1990, 84(1～4): 239～240
[11]	傅强. 成岩作用对储层孔隙的影响--以辽河盆地荣 3 7块气田下第三系为例[J]. 沉积学报,1998,16(3): 92～96[Fu Qiang. Diagenesis Effect on Reservoir Pores-Taking the Rong-37 Block of the Lower Tertiary, Liaohe Basin as an Example[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 1998, 16(3):92～96]
[12]	许建华, 张世奇, 纪友亮. 藏北羌塘盆地中上侏罗统碎屑岩储层成岩演化特征[J]. 石油大学学报 (自然科学版), 2001,25(1): 4～8 [Xu Jianhua, Zhang Shiqi, Ji Youliang. Diagenetic Evolution of Clastic Reservoirs in the Upper and Middle Jurassic in Qiantan Basin of Northern Xizang Area[J]. Journal of the University of Petroleum, China (Edition of Natural Science), 2001,25(1):4～8]
[13]	陈忠, 罗蜇潭, 沈明道, 唐洪鸣. 由储层矿物在碱性驱替剂中的化学行为到砂岩储层次生孔隙的形成[J]. 西南石油学院学报,1996,18(2): 15～19[Chen Zhong, Luo Zhetan, Shen Mingdao, et al. Study of secondary pore formation on the basis of chemical behaviour of minerals in alkaline-flooding agents[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum Institute, 1996,18(2): 15～19]
[14]	张师本, 沈后, 曲新国, 高琴琴等著. 中国含油气盆地第三系(V)-鄂豫皖油气区分册[M]. 北京:石油工业出版社,1993. 19～28[Zhang Shiben, Shen Hou, Qu Xingguo, Gao Qinqin, et al. The Tertiary oil and gas basin of China (V)-fasciculus of E-Yu-Wan oil and gas area[M]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press, 1993.19～28]
[15]	闫存凤,邵宏舜,黄杏珍. 泌阳凹陷核桃园组湖相碳酸盐岩系孢粉相及烃源岩评价[J]. 沉积学报.1998,16(3):115～118[Yan Cunfeng, Shao Hongshun, Huan Xingzhen. Palynofacies and oil potential of carbonate rocks of Tertiary Hetaoyuan formation in Biyang depression[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 1998,16(3): 115～118]
[16]	王振奇,何贞铭,徐龙,赵明跃. 鄂尔多斯盆地葫芦河地区三叠系延长组低渗致密砂岩储层特征研究[J]. 江汉石油学院学报,1998,20(2): 27～33[Wang Zhenqi, He Zhenming, Xu Long, et al. Low permeable compacted sandstone reservoir of the Chang4+5 member of the Yanchang formation (Triassic), Huluhe area, Ordos basin[J]. Journal of Jianghan Petroleum Institute, 1998, 20(2): 27～33]
[17]	曾允孚, 夏文杰. 沉积岩石学[M]. 北京:地质出版社,1986. 194～199[Zeng Yunfu, Xia Wenjie. Sedimentary petrology[M]. Beijing: Geological Publishing House, 1986. 194～199]
[18]	刘宝王君, 张锦泉主编. 沉积成岩作用[M].北京:科学出版社,1992.138[Liu Baojun, Zhang Jinquan. The depositional diagenesis[M], Beijing: Science Press, 1992. 12,138]
[19]	张丽洁,汪本善,马万怡等. 泌阳凹陷羊毛甾烷的检出及其意义初探[J]. 中国科学(D辑),1990,(1):69～71[Zhang Lijie, Wang Benshan, Ma Wanyi, et al. The determination of Lanostanc and primary study of its significance in Biyang depresion[J]. Science of China (Series B), 1990, (1): 69～71]
[20]	蔡春芳, 顾家裕, 蔡洪美. 塔中地区志留系烃类侵位对成岩作用的影响[J]. 沉积学报,2001, 19(1): 60～66[Cai Chunfang, Gu Jiayu, Cai Hongmei. Effect of hydrocarbon emplacement on diagenesis of Silurian sandstone of central Tarim basin[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2001, 19(1): 60～66]
[21]	邱隆伟, 姜在兴, 操应长等. 泌阳凹陷碱性成岩作用及其对储层的影响[J]. 中国科学D辑,2001,31(9): 752～759[Qiu Longwei, Jiang Zaixing, Cao Yingchang, et al. Alkaline diagenesis and its influence on a reservoir in the Biyang depression[J]. Science of China (Series D), 2001, 31(9): 752～759]
[22]	高锡兴著.中国含油气盆地油田水[M]. 北京:石油工业出版社,1994. 143～152[Gao Xixing. The oil field water in oil and gas basin of China[M]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press, 1994. 143～152]
[23]	文冬光, 曾建华. 泌阳碱矿形成的地球化学模拟研究[J]. 地球科学,1997,22(1): 69～74[Wen Dongguang, Zeng Jianhua. Geochemical modeling of the formation of Biyang alkaline deposit[J]. Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences, 1997,22(1): 69～74]
[24]	张立飞,王启明,任磊夫. 陕北鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系泥岩中粘土矿物在埋藏变质过程中的转化[J].中国科学(B辑),1992,(7):760～763[Zhang Lifei, Wang Qiming, Ren Leifu. The transform between clay minerals in burial metamorphism in mudstone of Ordos basin[J]. Science of China (Series B), 1992, (7): 760～763]
[25]	赵伦,赵澄林,涂强.酒东盆地营尔凹陷碎屑岩储层成岩作用特征研究[J].江汉石油学院学报,1998,20(4):12～16[Zhao Lun, Zhao Chenglin, Tu Qiang. Diagenesis of clastic reservoirs in Ying'Er depression of Jiudong basin[J]. Journal of Jianghan Petroleum Institute, 1998,20(4): 12～16]
[26]	王琪,张晓宝,肖立新等.塔西南坳陷碎屑储集岩成岩环境及成岩作用类型[J].新疆地质,1999,17(1): 33～40[Wang Qi, Zhang Xiaobao, Xiao Lixin, et al. Characteristic of diagenetic environments in clastic reservoir of southwest Tarim depression and its controlled diagenesis types[J]. Xinjiang Geology, 1997,17(1): 33～40]
[27]	吕明.莺-琼盆地含气区储层特征[J].天然气工业, 1999,19(1): 20～24[Lu Ming. Reservoir characteristics of the gas-bearing area of Ying-Qiong basin[J]. Gas Industry, 1999,19(1): 20～24]
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A New Type of Secondary Porosity--Quartz Dissolution Porosity

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