Quartz Cement in Middle Jurassic Reservoir Sandstones in North Sea A Review. Part II: Duration and Silica Sources

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Quartz Cement in Middle Jurassic Reservoir Sandstones in North Sea A Review. Part II: Duration and Silica Sources[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2000, 18(1): 119-126.

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Quartz Cement in Middle Jurassic Reservoir Sandstones in North Sea A Review. Part II: Duration and Silica Sources[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2000, 18(1): 119-126.

Quartz Cement in Middle Jurassic Reservoir Sandstones in North Sea A Review. Part II: Duration and Silica Sources

Received Date: 1999-01-02
Publish Date: 2000-03-10

Abstract

The timing and duration of quartz cementation in sandstones have been mainly inferred from diagenetic texture, relationship between pore filling minerals, fluid inclusions and isotopic data. Fluid inclusion temperatures from North Sea reservoir sandstones indicate that most of the quartz cement forms at temperature exceeding 90℃ and is continually proceeding after oil emplacement, based on the fluid inclusion temperatures in quartz overgrowth which is approaching the bottom-hole temperatures. The duration of quartz cement after oil emplacement depends upon the saturation of porewater and the distribution of pore water film and the property of water-wet or oil-wet of the reactants. The leaching of K-feldspar by meteoric water requires pore water flow to move the released potassium and sodium and silica out the solution, which suggests the mechanism does not appear to be a major source of silica for quartz cementation. The quartz cementation coincidence with the compaction and pressure solution suggests the major source of silica. The alteration of feldspar by illitization of kaolinite may serve as another important source of silica at deep burial depth. External sources are not need to call on for illustrating the quartz cementation, because there is no evidences for large scale convection of pore water flow occurred in the burial history of reservoir sandstones of middle Jurassic in the North Sea.
- quartz cementation

References

[1]	Bethke C M，Harrison W J, Upson C，Altaner S P. Supercomputer analysis of sedimentary basins[J]. Science, 1988,239：233～237
[2]	BjΦrlykke K. Fluid-flow processes and diagenesis in sedimentary basins[A]. In：Parnell J，ed. Geofluid： Origin, migration and evolution of fluids in sedimentary basins[C]. Geological Society Special Publication, 78,1994.127～140
[3]	BjΦrlykke K，Egeberg P K. Quartz cementation in sedimentary basins[J]. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, 1993,77：1538～1548
[4]	BjΦrlykke K，Aagaard P. Clay minerals in North Sea sandstones[A]. In： Houseknecht D W，Pittman E D，eds. Origin, diagenesis, and petrophysics of clay minerals in sandstones[C]. SEPM Special Publication 47,1992.65～80
[5]	BjΦrlykke K, Nedkvitne T, Ramm M, Saigal G C. Diagenetic processes in the Brent Group (Middle Jurassic) reservoirs of the North Sea： an overview[A]. In： Morton A C, et al，eds. Geology of the Brent Group[C]. Geological Society Special Publication, 61,1992.263～287
[6]	Blatt H. Diagenetic processes in sandstones[C]. SEPM Special Publication 26, 1979.141～157
[7]	Bloch S. Effect of detrital mineral composition on reservoir quality[A]. In： Wilson M D,ed. Reservoir quality assessment and prediction in clastic rocks[C]. SEPM Short course 30,1994.161～-182
[8]	Bodnar R J, Binns P R, Hall D L. Synthetic fluid inclusions-VI. Quantitative evaluation of the decrepitation behavior of fluid inclusions in quartz at one atmosphere confining pressure[J]. Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 1989,7： 229～242
[9]	Giles M R, Marshall J D. Constraints on the development of secondary porosity in the subsurface： reevaluation of processes[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology,1986,3： 243～255
[10]	Gran K, BjΦrlykke K,Aagaard P. Fluid salinity and dynamics in the North sea and Haltenbanken basins derived from well log data[A].In： Hurst A, et al, eds. Geological applications of wireline logs II[C]. Geological Society Special Publication 65, 1992.327～338
[11]	Grant S M, Oxtoby N H. The timing of quartz cementation in Mesozoic sandstones from Haltenbanken, offshore mid-Norway： fluid inclusion evidence[J]. Journal of the Geological Society, London. 1992,149： 479～482
[12]	Harris N B. Burial diagenesis of Brent sandstones： a study of Statfjord, Hutton and Lyell fields[A]. In： Morton A C， et al， eds. Geology of Brent Group[C]. Geological Society Special Publication, 61, 1992.351～375
[13]	Hawkins P J. Relationship between diagenesis porosity reduction and oil emplacement in late Carboniferous sandstone reservoirs, Bothamsall oil field, E. Midlands[J]. Journal of geological society of London,1978， 135：7～24
[14]	Houseknecht D W. Influence of grain size and temperature on intergranular pressure solution, quartz cementation, and porosity in quartzose sandstone[J] Journal of sedimentary petrology, 1984，54：348～361
[15]	Houseknecht D W. Intergranular pressure solution in four quartzose sandstones[J]. Journal of sedimentary petrology,1988, 58： 228～246
[16]	Huang W H， Keller D G. Dissolution of rock-forming silicate minerals in organic acids： Simulated first-stage weathering of fresh mineral surfaces[J]. American Mineralogist, 1979,55：2076～2094
[17]	Jourdan A, Thomas M, Brevart O,et.al, Diagenesis as the control of Brent sandstone reservoir properties in the Greater Alwyn area (East Shetland Basin)[A]. In： Brooks J，Glennie K， eds. Petroleum geology of north west Europe[C]. Graham and Trotman, London,1987. 951～961
[18]	Leder F, Park W C. Porosity reduction in sandstone by quartz overgrowth[J]. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, 1986,70：1713～1728
[19]	Liewig N, Clauer N， Sommer F. Rb-Sr and K-Ar dating of Clay diagenesis in Jurassic sandstone oil reservoir, North Sea[J]. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Bulletin, 1987,71： 1467～1474
[20]	Lundegard P D, Land L S. Carbon dioxide and organic acids： their role in porosity enhancement and cementation, Palaeocene of the Texas Gulf Coast[A]. In： Gautier D L, ed. Roles of organic matter in sediment diagenesis[C]. SEPM Special Publication 38,1986. 129～146
[21]	LΦnΦy A, Akselsen J, Rnning K. Diagenesis of a deeply buried sandstone reservoir： Hild Field, Northern North Sea[J]. Clay Minerals, 1986,21：497～511
[22]	McBride E F. Quartz cementation in sandstones： a review[J]. Earth-Science Review,1989, 26： 69～112
[23]	Meshri I D. On the reactivity of carbonic and organic acids and generation of secondary porosity[A]. In： Gautier D L，ed. Roles of organic mater in sediment diagenesis[C].SEPM Special Publication 38,1986. 123～128
[24]	Murphy W M, Oelkers E H, Lichtner P C. Surface reaction versus diffusion control of mineral dissolution and growth rates in geochemical processes[J]. Chemical Geology, 1989,78：357～380
[25]	Osborn M, Haszeldine S. Evidence for resetting of fluid inclusion temperatures from quartz cements in oil fields[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 1993,10： 271～278
[26]	Prezbindowski D R， Larese R E. Experimental stretching of fluid inclusions in calcite-implications for diagenetic studies[J] ． Geology, 1987,15：333～336
[27]	Renton J J, Heald M T, Cecil C B. Experimental investigation of pressure solution of quartz[J]. Journal of sedimentary petrology, 1969,39： 1107～1117
[28]	Robinson A, Gluyas J. Model calculations of loss of porosity in sandstones as a result of compaction and quartz cementation[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 1992,9： 319～323
[29]	Siever R. Pennsylvanian sandstones of the Eastern Interior Coal Basin[J]. Journal of sedimentary petrology,1957, 27： 227～250
[30]	Sipple R F. Sandstone petrology： evidence from luminescence petrography[J] Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 1968,38：530～554
[31]	Surdam R C, Boese S W, Crossey L J. The chemistry of secondary porosity[A]. In： McDonald D M, Surdam R C. eds. Clastic diagenesis[C]. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir 37,1984. 127～149
[32]	Ulrich M R, Bodnar R J. Systematics of stretching of fluid inclusions II： barite at 1 atm confining pressure[J]. Economical Geology, 1988,83：1037～1046
[33]	Walderhaug O. Temperatures of quartz cementation in Jurassic sandstones from the Norwegian continental shelf- evidence from fluid inclusions[J]. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 1994a,64： 311～323
[34]	Wilson M D, Stanton P T. Diagenetic mechanisms of porosity and permeability reduction and enhancement[A]. In： Wilson M D, ed. Reservoir quality assessment and prediction in clastic rocks[C]. SEPM Short course 30,1994. 59～118
[35]	Yeh H, Savin S M. Mechanism of burial metamorphism of argillaceous sediments, 3. O-isotope evidence[J]. Geological Society of American Bulletin, 1977,88：1321～1330

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Quartz Cement in Middle Jurassic Reservoir Sandstones in North Sea A Review. Part II: Duration and Silica Sources

Received Date: 1999-01-02

Publish Date: 2000-03-10

Key words:

quartz cementation

Abstract: The timing and duration of quartz cementation in sandstones have been mainly inferred from diagenetic texture, relationship between pore filling minerals, fluid inclusions and isotopic data. Fluid inclusion temperatures from North Sea reservoir sandstones indicate that most of the quartz cement forms at temperature exceeding 90℃ and is continually proceeding after oil emplacement, based on the fluid inclusion temperatures in quartz overgrowth which is approaching the bottom-hole temperatures. The duration of quartz cement after oil emplacement depends upon the saturation of porewater and the distribution of pore water film and the property of water-wet or oil-wet of the reactants. The leaching of K-feldspar by meteoric water requires pore water flow to move the released potassium and sodium and silica out the solution, which suggests the mechanism does not appear to be a major source of silica for quartz cementation. The quartz cementation coincidence with the compaction and pressure solution suggests the major source of silica. The alteration of feldspar by illitization of kaolinite may serve as another important source of silica at deep burial depth. External sources are not need to call on for illustrating the quartz cementation, because there is no evidences for large scale convection of pore water flow occurred in the burial history of reservoir sandstones of middle Jurassic in the North Sea.

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Reference (35)

[1]	Bethke C M，Harrison W J, Upson C，Altaner S P. Supercomputer analysis of sedimentary basins[J]. Science, 1988,239：233～237
[2]	BjΦrlykke K. Fluid-flow processes and diagenesis in sedimentary basins[A]. In：Parnell J，ed. Geofluid： Origin, migration and evolution of fluids in sedimentary basins[C]. Geological Society Special Publication, 78,1994.127～140
[3]	BjΦrlykke K，Egeberg P K. Quartz cementation in sedimentary basins[J]. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, 1993,77：1538～1548
[4]	BjΦrlykke K，Aagaard P. Clay minerals in North Sea sandstones[A]. In： Houseknecht D W，Pittman E D，eds. Origin, diagenesis, and petrophysics of clay minerals in sandstones[C]. SEPM Special Publication 47,1992.65～80
[5]	BjΦrlykke K, Nedkvitne T, Ramm M, Saigal G C. Diagenetic processes in the Brent Group (Middle Jurassic) reservoirs of the North Sea： an overview[A]. In： Morton A C, et al，eds. Geology of the Brent Group[C]. Geological Society Special Publication, 61,1992.263～287
[6]	Blatt H. Diagenetic processes in sandstones[C]. SEPM Special Publication 26, 1979.141～157
[7]	Bloch S. Effect of detrital mineral composition on reservoir quality[A]. In： Wilson M D,ed. Reservoir quality assessment and prediction in clastic rocks[C]. SEPM Short course 30,1994.161～-182
[8]	Bodnar R J, Binns P R, Hall D L. Synthetic fluid inclusions-VI. Quantitative evaluation of the decrepitation behavior of fluid inclusions in quartz at one atmosphere confining pressure[J]. Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 1989,7： 229～242
[9]	Giles M R, Marshall J D. Constraints on the development of secondary porosity in the subsurface： reevaluation of processes[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology,1986,3： 243～255
[10]	Gran K, BjΦrlykke K,Aagaard P. Fluid salinity and dynamics in the North sea and Haltenbanken basins derived from well log data[A].In： Hurst A, et al, eds. Geological applications of wireline logs II[C]. Geological Society Special Publication 65, 1992.327～338
[11]	Grant S M, Oxtoby N H. The timing of quartz cementation in Mesozoic sandstones from Haltenbanken, offshore mid-Norway： fluid inclusion evidence[J]. Journal of the Geological Society, London. 1992,149： 479～482
[12]	Harris N B. Burial diagenesis of Brent sandstones： a study of Statfjord, Hutton and Lyell fields[A]. In： Morton A C， et al， eds. Geology of Brent Group[C]. Geological Society Special Publication, 61, 1992.351～375
[13]	Hawkins P J. Relationship between diagenesis porosity reduction and oil emplacement in late Carboniferous sandstone reservoirs, Bothamsall oil field, E. Midlands[J]. Journal of geological society of London,1978， 135：7～24
[14]	Houseknecht D W. Influence of grain size and temperature on intergranular pressure solution, quartz cementation, and porosity in quartzose sandstone[J] Journal of sedimentary petrology, 1984，54：348～361
[15]	Houseknecht D W. Intergranular pressure solution in four quartzose sandstones[J]. Journal of sedimentary petrology,1988, 58： 228～246
[16]	Huang W H， Keller D G. Dissolution of rock-forming silicate minerals in organic acids： Simulated first-stage weathering of fresh mineral surfaces[J]. American Mineralogist, 1979,55：2076～2094
[17]	Jourdan A, Thomas M, Brevart O,et.al, Diagenesis as the control of Brent sandstone reservoir properties in the Greater Alwyn area (East Shetland Basin)[A]. In： Brooks J，Glennie K， eds. Petroleum geology of north west Europe[C]. Graham and Trotman, London,1987. 951～961
[18]	Leder F, Park W C. Porosity reduction in sandstone by quartz overgrowth[J]. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, 1986,70：1713～1728
[19]	Liewig N, Clauer N， Sommer F. Rb-Sr and K-Ar dating of Clay diagenesis in Jurassic sandstone oil reservoir, North Sea[J]. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Bulletin, 1987,71： 1467～1474
[20]	Lundegard P D, Land L S. Carbon dioxide and organic acids： their role in porosity enhancement and cementation, Palaeocene of the Texas Gulf Coast[A]. In： Gautier D L, ed. Roles of organic matter in sediment diagenesis[C]. SEPM Special Publication 38,1986. 129～146
[21]	LΦnΦy A, Akselsen J, Rnning K. Diagenesis of a deeply buried sandstone reservoir： Hild Field, Northern North Sea[J]. Clay Minerals, 1986,21：497～511
[22]	McBride E F. Quartz cementation in sandstones： a review[J]. Earth-Science Review,1989, 26： 69～112
[23]	Meshri I D. On the reactivity of carbonic and organic acids and generation of secondary porosity[A]. In： Gautier D L，ed. Roles of organic mater in sediment diagenesis[C].SEPM Special Publication 38,1986. 123～128
[24]	Murphy W M, Oelkers E H, Lichtner P C. Surface reaction versus diffusion control of mineral dissolution and growth rates in geochemical processes[J]. Chemical Geology, 1989,78：357～380
[25]	Osborn M, Haszeldine S. Evidence for resetting of fluid inclusion temperatures from quartz cements in oil fields[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 1993,10： 271～278
[26]	Prezbindowski D R， Larese R E. Experimental stretching of fluid inclusions in calcite-implications for diagenetic studies[J] ． Geology, 1987,15：333～336
[27]	Renton J J, Heald M T, Cecil C B. Experimental investigation of pressure solution of quartz[J]. Journal of sedimentary petrology, 1969,39： 1107～1117
[28]	Robinson A, Gluyas J. Model calculations of loss of porosity in sandstones as a result of compaction and quartz cementation[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 1992,9： 319～323
[29]	Siever R. Pennsylvanian sandstones of the Eastern Interior Coal Basin[J]. Journal of sedimentary petrology,1957, 27： 227～250
[30]	Sipple R F. Sandstone petrology： evidence from luminescence petrography[J] Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 1968,38：530～554
[31]	Surdam R C, Boese S W, Crossey L J. The chemistry of secondary porosity[A]. In： McDonald D M, Surdam R C. eds. Clastic diagenesis[C]. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir 37,1984. 127～149
[32]	Ulrich M R, Bodnar R J. Systematics of stretching of fluid inclusions II： barite at 1 atm confining pressure[J]. Economical Geology, 1988,83：1037～1046
[33]	Walderhaug O. Temperatures of quartz cementation in Jurassic sandstones from the Norwegian continental shelf- evidence from fluid inclusions[J]. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 1994a,64： 311～323
[34]	Wilson M D, Stanton P T. Diagenetic mechanisms of porosity and permeability reduction and enhancement[A]. In： Wilson M D, ed. Reservoir quality assessment and prediction in clastic rocks[C]. SEPM Short course 30,1994. 59～118
[35]	Yeh H, Savin S M. Mechanism of burial metamorphism of argillaceous sediments, 3. O-isotope evidence[J]. Geological Society of American Bulletin, 1977,88：1321～1330

Quartz Cement in Middle Jurassic Reservoir Sandstones in North Sea A Review. Part II: Duration and Silica Sources

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