Petroleum Sporo-Pollen Assemblages of Tarim Basin

JIANG De xin; YANG Hui qiu

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JIANG De xin, YANG Hui qiu. Petroleum Sporo-Pollen Assemblages of Tarim Basin[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2000, 18(1): 80-88.

Citation:

JIANG De xin, YANG Hui qiu. Petroleum Sporo-Pollen Assemblages of Tarim Basin[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2000, 18(1): 80-88.

Petroleum Sporo-Pollen Assemblages of Tarim Basin

Lanzhou Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000

Received Date: 1998-03-04
Rev Recd Date: 1999-01-02
Publish Date: 2000-03-10

Abstract

One hundred sixty-three species of fossil spores and pollen referred to 83 genera extracted from 44 crude oil samples collected from the Tarim Basin were recorded. Based on the investigations of the characteristics of the petroleum sporo-pollen assemblages, the geological ages and formations of the petroleum source rocks of the North Tarim, Kuqa, Kashi, and Yecheng petroliferous regions were discussed. According to the colors of spore and pollen fossils, the organic thermal maturity of the petroleum source rocks of the mentioned petroliferous regions was identified. The results of this study indicate that the Carboniferous, the Triassic, and the Jurassic petroleum source rocks all belong to mature phase of liquid petroleum generation. In addition, the method used to extract fossil spores, pollen, and algae from crude oils was introduced in detail in this paper.
- spore and pollen,
- petroleum source rock,
- organic thermal maturity,
- method of extraction,
- tarim basin

References

[1]	江德昕,杨惠秋.甘肃玉门油区原油孢粉集合与油源岩[J].植物学报,1980,22(3)：280～285
[2]	江德昕,杨惠秋,杜金娥.原油孢粉分析的意义及其分离方法[J].植物学杂志,1974,1(1)：31～32
[3]	Jiang De-xin.Spores and pollen in oils as indicators of lacustrine source rocks[C]. Geol Soc Spec Publ,1988,40：159～169
[4]	Kosanke R M. Pennsylvanian spores of Illinois and their use in correlation[J]. Illinois Geol Surv Bull, 1950,74：1～128
[5]	Potonié R, Kremp G. Die Sporae dispersae des Ruhrkarbons. Teil I[J]. Palaeontographica, B,1955,98：1～136
[6]	Potonié R, Kremp G. Die Sporae dispersae des Ruhrkarbons.Teil Ⅱ[J]. Palaeontographica, B, 1956,99：85～191
[7]	Balme B E. On some spore specimens from British Upper Carboniferous coals[J]. Geol Mag, 1952, 89：175～184
[8]	Samoilovich S R. Pollen and spores from the Permian deposits of the Cherdyn and Aktyubinsk areas, Cis Urals[J].Trudy VNIGRI N S, 1953,75：5～57
[9]	Luber A A. Atlas of spores and pollen grains of the Paleozoic deposits of Kazakhstan[A]. Izd Acad Nauk Kazakh S S R, Alma-Ata,1995.1～125
[10]	Schemel M P. Small spores of the Mystic coal of Iowa[J]. Amer Midl Natur, 1951,46：743～750
[11]	Leschik G. Die Keuper Flora von Neuewelt bei Basel. Ⅱ.Die Isound Mikrosporen[J]. Schweiz Palaeont,1955,72：1～70
[12]	Klaus W. Sporen der Karnischen Stufe der ostalpinen Trias[J]. Jahrb Geol Bundesanst (Austria) Sonderber,1960,5：107～184
[13]	Venkatachala B S, Beju D, Kar R K. Palynological evidence on the presence of Lower Triassic in the Danubean (Moesian) Platform, Rumania[J]. Palaeobotanist,1968,16：29～37
[14]	Clarke R F A. Keuper miospores from Worcestershire, England[J].Palaeontology, 1965,8(2)：294～321
[15]	Playford G.Plant microfossils from Triassic sediments near Poatina, Tasmania[J]. J Geol Soc Austr, 1965,12：173～210
[16]	欧阳舒,李再平.云南富源卡以头层微体植物群及其地层和古植物学意义[A].见：黔西滇东晚二叠世含煤地层和古生物群[C].中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所编.北京：科学出版社,1980,123～194
[17]	中国地质科学院地质研究所,新疆地矿局地质科学研究所.新疆吉木萨尔大龙口二叠-三叠纪地层及古生物群[M].北京：地质出版社,1986.70～173
[18]	Couper R A. British Mesozoic microspores and pollen grains. A systematic and stratigraphic study[J]. Palaeontographica, B, 1958,103：75～179
[19]	Pocock S A J. Palynology of the Jurassic sediments of western Canada[J]. Palaeontographica, B, 1970, 130：12～136
[20]	Schulz E. Sporenpalaontologische untersuchungen ratoliassischer Schichten im Zentraiteil des Germanischen Beckens[J]. Palaont, B, 1967,2(3)：541～633
[21]	Balme B E. Plant microfossils from the Lower Triassic of western Australia[J]. Palaeontology, 1963,6：12～40.
[22]	地质矿产部成都地质矿产研究所.西南地区古生物图册微体古生物分册[M].北京：地质出版社,1983,520～791
[23]	曲立范.山西交城刘家沟组孢粉组合[A].中国地质科学院地质研究所所刊,1982,4：83～93
[24]	Potonié R, Klaus W. Einige Sporengattungen des alpinen Salzgebirges[J]. Geol Jahrb, 1954,68：517～546
[25]	Clarke R F A. British Permian saccate and monosulcate miospores[J]. Palaeontology, 1965,8(2)：322～354
[26]	Jansonius J. Palynology of Permian and Triassic sediments, Peace River area, western Canada[J]. Palaeontographica, B, 1962,110：35～98
[27]	Balme B E. Palynology of Permian and Triassic strata in the Salt Range and Surghar Range, West Pakistan[A]. In：Kurnmel B,Teichert C,eds. Stratigraphic and Boundary Problems： Permian and Triassic of West Pakistan[C].Univ Press Kansas, 1970, 305～474
[28]	Nilsson T.über das Vorkommen eines mesozoischen Sapropelges teins in Schonen[J]. Publ Inst Miner Palaeontol Geol Univ Lund Sweden, 1958,54：1～112
[29]	Couper R A. Upper Mesozoic and Cainozoic spores and pollen grains from New Zealand[J]. N Z Geol surv Pal Bull, 1953,22：1～77
[30]	Jersey N J de. Triassic spores and pollen grains from the Ipswich coalfield[J]. Queensl Geol Surv Publ, 1962, 307：1～18
[31]	Jersey N J de. Jurassic spores and pollen grains from the Rosewood coalfield[J]. Queensl Govern Mining Jour, 1959,60：346～366
[32]	Bolchovitina N A. Atlas of spores and pollen from Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous deposits of the Vilyui Depression[J]. Trans Geol Inst Acad Sci USSR, 1956,2：1～188
[33]	Maljavkina V S. Identification of spores and pollen of the Jurassic and Cretaceous[J]. Trudy VNIGRI N S, 1949,33：1～138
[34]	Pocock S A J. Microfloral analysis and age determination of strata at the Jurassic Cretaceous boundary in the western Canada Plains[J]. Palaeontographica, B, 1962, 111：1～95
[35]	Traverse A. Paleopalynology[M]. London： Unwin Hyman,1988,1～600.

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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Petroleum Sporo-Pollen Assemblages of Tarim Basin

Lanzhou Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000

Received Date: 1998-03-04

Rev Recd Date: 1999-01-02

Publish Date: 2000-03-10

Key words:

Abstract: One hundred sixty-three species of fossil spores and pollen referred to 83 genera extracted from 44 crude oil samples collected from the Tarim Basin were recorded. Based on the investigations of the characteristics of the petroleum sporo-pollen assemblages, the geological ages and formations of the petroleum source rocks of the North Tarim, Kuqa, Kashi, and Yecheng petroliferous regions were discussed. According to the colors of spore and pollen fossils, the organic thermal maturity of the petroleum source rocks of the mentioned petroliferous regions was identified. The results of this study indicate that the Carboniferous, the Triassic, and the Jurassic petroleum source rocks all belong to mature phase of liquid petroleum generation. In addition, the method used to extract fossil spores, pollen, and algae from crude oils was introduced in detail in this paper.

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Reference (35)

[1]	江德昕,杨惠秋.甘肃玉门油区原油孢粉集合与油源岩[J].植物学报,1980,22(3)：280～285
[2]	江德昕,杨惠秋,杜金娥.原油孢粉分析的意义及其分离方法[J].植物学杂志,1974,1(1)：31～32
[3]	Jiang De-xin.Spores and pollen in oils as indicators of lacustrine source rocks[C]. Geol Soc Spec Publ,1988,40：159～169
[4]	Kosanke R M. Pennsylvanian spores of Illinois and their use in correlation[J]. Illinois Geol Surv Bull, 1950,74：1～128
[5]	Potonié R, Kremp G. Die Sporae dispersae des Ruhrkarbons. Teil I[J]. Palaeontographica, B,1955,98：1～136
[6]	Potonié R, Kremp G. Die Sporae dispersae des Ruhrkarbons.Teil Ⅱ[J]. Palaeontographica, B, 1956,99：85～191
[7]	Balme B E. On some spore specimens from British Upper Carboniferous coals[J]. Geol Mag, 1952, 89：175～184
[8]	Samoilovich S R. Pollen and spores from the Permian deposits of the Cherdyn and Aktyubinsk areas, Cis Urals[J].Trudy VNIGRI N S, 1953,75：5～57
[9]	Luber A A. Atlas of spores and pollen grains of the Paleozoic deposits of Kazakhstan[A]. Izd Acad Nauk Kazakh S S R, Alma-Ata,1995.1～125
[10]	Schemel M P. Small spores of the Mystic coal of Iowa[J]. Amer Midl Natur, 1951,46：743～750
[11]	Leschik G. Die Keuper Flora von Neuewelt bei Basel. Ⅱ.Die Isound Mikrosporen[J]. Schweiz Palaeont,1955,72：1～70
[12]	Klaus W. Sporen der Karnischen Stufe der ostalpinen Trias[J]. Jahrb Geol Bundesanst (Austria) Sonderber,1960,5：107～184
[13]	Venkatachala B S, Beju D, Kar R K. Palynological evidence on the presence of Lower Triassic in the Danubean (Moesian) Platform, Rumania[J]. Palaeobotanist,1968,16：29～37
[14]	Clarke R F A. Keuper miospores from Worcestershire, England[J].Palaeontology, 1965,8(2)：294～321
[15]	Playford G.Plant microfossils from Triassic sediments near Poatina, Tasmania[J]. J Geol Soc Austr, 1965,12：173～210
[16]	欧阳舒,李再平.云南富源卡以头层微体植物群及其地层和古植物学意义[A].见：黔西滇东晚二叠世含煤地层和古生物群[C].中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所编.北京：科学出版社,1980,123～194
[17]	中国地质科学院地质研究所,新疆地矿局地质科学研究所.新疆吉木萨尔大龙口二叠-三叠纪地层及古生物群[M].北京：地质出版社,1986.70～173
[18]	Couper R A. British Mesozoic microspores and pollen grains. A systematic and stratigraphic study[J]. Palaeontographica, B, 1958,103：75～179
[19]	Pocock S A J. Palynology of the Jurassic sediments of western Canada[J]. Palaeontographica, B, 1970, 130：12～136
[20]	Schulz E. Sporenpalaontologische untersuchungen ratoliassischer Schichten im Zentraiteil des Germanischen Beckens[J]. Palaont, B, 1967,2(3)：541～633
[21]	Balme B E. Plant microfossils from the Lower Triassic of western Australia[J]. Palaeontology, 1963,6：12～40.
[22]	地质矿产部成都地质矿产研究所.西南地区古生物图册微体古生物分册[M].北京：地质出版社,1983,520～791
[23]	曲立范.山西交城刘家沟组孢粉组合[A].中国地质科学院地质研究所所刊,1982,4：83～93
[24]	Potonié R, Klaus W. Einige Sporengattungen des alpinen Salzgebirges[J]. Geol Jahrb, 1954,68：517～546
[25]	Clarke R F A. British Permian saccate and monosulcate miospores[J]. Palaeontology, 1965,8(2)：322～354
[26]	Jansonius J. Palynology of Permian and Triassic sediments, Peace River area, western Canada[J]. Palaeontographica, B, 1962,110：35～98
[27]	Balme B E. Palynology of Permian and Triassic strata in the Salt Range and Surghar Range, West Pakistan[A]. In：Kurnmel B,Teichert C,eds. Stratigraphic and Boundary Problems： Permian and Triassic of West Pakistan[C].Univ Press Kansas, 1970, 305～474
[28]	Nilsson T.über das Vorkommen eines mesozoischen Sapropelges teins in Schonen[J]. Publ Inst Miner Palaeontol Geol Univ Lund Sweden, 1958,54：1～112
[29]	Couper R A. Upper Mesozoic and Cainozoic spores and pollen grains from New Zealand[J]. N Z Geol surv Pal Bull, 1953,22：1～77
[30]	Jersey N J de. Triassic spores and pollen grains from the Ipswich coalfield[J]. Queensl Geol Surv Publ, 1962, 307：1～18
[31]	Jersey N J de. Jurassic spores and pollen grains from the Rosewood coalfield[J]. Queensl Govern Mining Jour, 1959,60：346～366
[32]	Bolchovitina N A. Atlas of spores and pollen from Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous deposits of the Vilyui Depression[J]. Trans Geol Inst Acad Sci USSR, 1956,2：1～188
[33]	Maljavkina V S. Identification of spores and pollen of the Jurassic and Cretaceous[J]. Trudy VNIGRI N S, 1949,33：1～138
[34]	Pocock S A J. Microfloral analysis and age determination of strata at the Jurassic Cretaceous boundary in the western Canada Plains[J]. Palaeontographica, B, 1962, 111：1～95
[35]	Traverse A. Paleopalynology[M]. London： Unwin Hyman,1988,1～600.

Petroleum Sporo-Pollen Assemblages of Tarim Basin

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