Geochemistry of Petroleum Systems in the Eastern Pearl River Mouth Basin-I:Oil Family Classification, Oil-source Correlation and Mixed Oil Analysis

ZHANG Shui-chang; GONG Zai-sheng; LIANG Di-gang; WU Ke qiang; WANG Jian-rong; SONG Fu-qing; WANG Pei-rong; WANG Hui-tong; HE Zhong-hua

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Article Navigation > Acta Sedimentologica Sinica > 2004 > 22(S1): 15-26

ZHANG Shui-chang, GONG Zai-sheng, LIANG Di-gang, WU Ke qiang, WANG Jian-rong, SONG Fu-qing, WANG Pei-rong, WANG Hui-tong, HE Zhong-hua. Geochemistry of Petroleum Systems in the Eastern Pearl River Mouth Basin-I:Oil Family Classification, Oil-source Correlation and Mixed Oil Analysis[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2004, 22(S1): 15-26.

Citation:

Geochemistry of Petroleum Systems in the Eastern Pearl River Mouth Basin-I:Oil Family Classification, Oil-source Correlation and Mixed Oil Analysis

1.
Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry, CNPC Beijing 100083;
2.
PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing 100083;
3.
China National Offshore Petroleum Corporation, Beijing 100027;
4.
Exploration Institute of CNOOC Research Center, Gaobeidian, Hebei 074010;
5.
East Institute of CNOOC Research Center, Guangzhou 510240

Received Date: 2004-02-06
Publish Date: 2004-12-10

Abstract

Detailed analyses of crude oils and source rock extracts indicate the presence of two, effective petroleum source rocks in the eastern Pearl River Mouth Basin of the South China Sea region. Oils derived from the lacustrine source rocks in the Eocene Wenchang Formation are characterized by abundant C₃₀ 4 methyl steranes with relatively little C₁₉ tricyclic terpane and bicadinanes. In contrast, oils from an Eocene-Oligocene Enping Formation source typically contain significant amounts of C₁₉ tricyclic terpane and bicadinanes, with relatively little 4-methylsteranes and high pristane/phytane ratios. However, the chemical compositions of a large number of oils do not conform to those of the unknown source rocks. consistent with the mixing of the two sources. Mixed oils occur mainly in the Huizhou Sag and along its south margin, and the highest proportion of the Enping Formation source in the mixed oils is estimated to be around 80%. Laboratory mixing experiments using selected end-member oils indicate that, even with 50 to 80% contribution from the Enping Formation source, the mixture still display sterane biomarker signatures diagnostic of the Wenchang Formation source. Therefore, the presence of abundant 4-methyl steranes is a necessary but not sufficient indicator for the Wenchang Formation source in the eastern Pearl River Mouth Basin. Although our results support the Wenchang Formation as a major source to the known oil discoveries in the study area, the contribution of the Enping Formation source to traps in the Huizhou Sag and surrounding area cannot be ignored. There is clear evidence for the recharge of Enping Formation derived oils into the early-biodegraded oil reservoirs to form light oil accumulations.
- Pearl River Mouth Basin,
- Wenchang Formation,
- Enping Formation,
- mixed oils,
- 4methylsteranes,
- bicadinane

References

[1]	Li M, Larter S R, Mei B, et al. Maturity assessment of immature oils produced from the Shahejie Formation of the Liaohe Basin, NE China . In: Grimalt J O, Dorronsoro C. Eds. Organic Geochemistry: Developments and App lications to Energy, Climate, Environment. 1995
[2]	Li M, Larter S R, Lin R, et al. Resolution of immature oil paradoxe s in the block-faulting basins: a successful exploration case in eastern China. In: European Association of Organic Geochemists(eds). Abstracts of the 19 th International Meeting on Organic Geochemistry. TUBITAK Mamara Research C enter, Istanbul, 1999. 123～124
[3]	Li S, Pang X, Li M, et al. Petroleum systems in the Bohai Bay Basin : Part 1. Distribution and organic geochemistry of petroleum source rocks in the Niuzhuang South Slope. Organic Geochemistry, 2003, 34(3): 389～412
[4]	王文军,宋宁,姜乃煌,等. 未熟油与成熟油的混源实验、混源理论图版及其应用. 石油勘探与开发,1999,26(4):34～37
[5]	黎茂稳. 油气二次运移研究的基本思路和几个应用实例. 石油勘探与开发, 2000,27(4):11～19
[6]	Pang X, Li M, Li S, et al. Origin of crude oils in the Jinhu Depres sion of North Jiangsu-South Yellow Sea Basin, eastern China. Organic Geoch emistry, 2003, 34(4):553～574
[7]	Pang X, Li M, Li S, et al. Petroleum systems in the Bohai Bay Basin : Part 2. Geochemical evidence for significant contribution of mature source roc ks to immature oils in the Bamianhe field . Organic Geochemistry, 2003, 34( 7): 931～950
[8]	Curiale J A. Non-source rock origins for certain compound types in cru de oil. In: Landais P, ed. Abstracts of the 20th International Meeting on Organ ic Geochemistry. European Association of Organic Geochemists. Nancy, 2001. 158～ 159
[9]	Jiang C, Li M, Osadetz K G, et al. Bakken/Madison petroleum systems in the Canadian Williston Basin. Part 2: molecular markers diagnostic of Bakken and Lodgepole source rocks . Organic Geochemistry, 2001, 32: 1037～1054
[10]	Jiang C, Li M. Bakken/Madison petroleum systems in the Canadian Williston Ba sin. Part 3: Geochemical evidence for significant contribution of Bakken-derive d oils in Madison Group reservoirs. Organic Geochemistry, 2002, 33: 761～78 7
[11]	Jiang C, Li M. Bakken/Madison petroleum systems in the Canadian Williston Ba sin. Part 4: Diphenylmethanes and benzylcyclohexanes as indicators for oils deri ved from the Madison petroleum system . Organic Geochemistry, 2002, 33: 855 ～860
[12]	Peters K E, Moldowan J M, Driscole A R, et al. Origin of Beatrice oil by co-sourcing from Devonian and Middle Jurassic source rocks, Inner Moray Firth, United Kingdom. American Association of Petroleum Geologisits Bulletin, 1989, 7 3: 454～471
[13]	Bissada A. Geochemistry offers new E & P tools. The American Oil & Gas Repor ter, 1996, 10: 83～88
[14]	Horstad I, Larter S R. Petroleum migration, alteration, and remigration with in Troll Field, Norwegian.1997
[15]	Santos Neto E V, Hayes J M. Use of hydrogen and carbon stable isotopes chara cterizing oils from the Potiguar Basin (Onshore), northeastern Brazil. Bull etin of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 1999, 83: 496～518
[16]	Li M, Huang Y, Obermajer M, et al. Hydrogen isotopic compositions of ind ividual alkanes as a new approach to petroleum correlation: case studies from th e Western Canada Sedimentary Basin. Organic Geochemistry, 2001, 32: 1387～1 399
[17]	Chen J, Deng C, Liang D, et al. Mixed oils derived from multiple source rocks in the Cainan oil field, Junggar Basin, Northwest China. Part II: artifici al mixing experiments on typical crude oils and quantitative oil-source correla tion. Organic Chemistry, 2003, 34(7): 911～930
[18]	陈斯忠,张明辉,张俊达. 珠江口盆地东部油气生成与勘探. 石油与天然气地质 ,1991, 12(2): 95～106
[19]	赵柳生,李传宇,梁安耀,等. 珠江口盆地. 翟光明等. 中国石油地质志·卷十六(下). 北京: 石油工业出版社,1992.77～340
[20]	黄第藩,李晋超. 中国陆相盆地干酪根类型划分的X图解. 地球化学,1982, 11(1 ): 21～30
[21]	Alexander R, Kagi R I, Volkman J K, et al. The geochemistry of some biod egraded Australian oils. Australian Petroleum Exploration Association Journ al, 1983, 23(1): 53～63
[22]	Volkman J K. Biological marker compounds as indicators of the depositional e nvironments of petroleum source rocks. In: Fleet A J, Kelts K, Talbot M R, eds. Lacustrine Petroleum Source Rocks. Special Publication No. 40. Geological Soci ety, London, 1988.103～122
[23]	van Aarssen B G K, de Leeuw J W. On the identification and occurrence of oli gomerized sesquiterpenoid compounds in oils and sediments of southeast Asia . Abstracts of the 14th International Meeting on Organic Geochemistry, Paris, Se ptember, 1989. 18～22
[24]	van Aarssen B G K, Cox H C, Hoogendoorn P, et al. A cadinene bioploymer present in fossil and extant Dammar resins as source for cadinanes and dicadinan es in crude oils from South East Asia. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 199 0, 54: 3021～3031
[25]	张泉兴,张启明. 莺-琼盆地梅山组海相烃源岩的树脂化合物.中国海洋石油西部公司勘探开发科学研究院. 莺歌海盆地石油地质论文集. 北京: 地震出版社,1993.1 8～26
[26]	Ourisson G, Albrecht P, Rohmer M. Predictive microbial biochemistry from mol ecular fossils to procaryotic membrances. Trends in Biochemical Science, 19 82, 7: 236～239
[27]	Connan J, Restle A, Albrecht P. Biodegradation of crude oil in the Aquitaine basin. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 1980, 12: 1～17
[28]	Aquino Neto F R, Trendel J M, Restle A, et al. Occurrence and formation of tricyclic and tetracyclic terpanes in sediments and petroleums. In: Bj orΦy M, et al. eds. Advances in Organic Geochemistry 1981. J Wiley an d Sons, New York, 1983.659～676
[29]	Peters K E, Moldowan J M. The Biomarker Guide. Interpreting Molecular Fossil s in Petroleum and Ancient Sediments. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1993
[30]	Moldowan J M, Dahl J, Huizinga B J, et al. The molecular fossil record o f oleanane and its relation to angiosperms. Science, 1994, 265: 768～771
[31]	Ekweozor C M, Okogun J I, Ekong D E U, et al. Preliminary organic geoche mical studies of samples from the Niger Delta (Nigeria). Chemical Geology , 1979, 27: 29～37
[32]	Wolff G A, Lamb N A, Maxwell J R. The origin and fate of 4-methyl steroid h ydrocarbons I. 4-methyl steranes. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 1986, 5 0: 335～342
[33]	Volkman J K, Kearney P, Jeffrey S W. A new source of 4-methyl sterols and 5 a(H)-stanols in sediments: prymnesiophyte microalgae of the genus Pavlova. Organic Geochemistry, 1990, 15: 489～497
[34]	Fu J, Pei C, Sheng G., et al. A geochemical investigation of crude oils from eastern Pearl River mouth basin, South China. Journal of Southeast A sian Earth Sciences, 1992, 7: 271～272

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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

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Geochemistry of Petroleum Systems in the Eastern Pearl River Mouth Basin-I:Oil Family Classification, Oil-source Correlation and Mixed Oil Analysis

1. Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry, CNPC Beijing 100083;

2. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing 100083;

3. China National Offshore Petroleum Corporation, Beijing 100027;

4. Exploration Institute of CNOOC Research Center, Gaobeidian, Hebei 074010;

5. East Institute of CNOOC Research Center, Guangzhou 510240

Received Date: 2004-02-06

Publish Date: 2004-12-10

Key words:

Abstract: Detailed analyses of crude oils and source rock extracts indicate the presence of two, effective petroleum source rocks in the eastern Pearl River Mouth Basin of the South China Sea region. Oils derived from the lacustrine source rocks in the Eocene Wenchang Formation are characterized by abundant C₃₀ 4 methyl steranes with relatively little C₁₉ tricyclic terpane and bicadinanes. In contrast, oils from an Eocene-Oligocene Enping Formation source typically contain significant amounts of C₁₉ tricyclic terpane and bicadinanes, with relatively little 4-methylsteranes and high pristane/phytane ratios. However, the chemical compositions of a large number of oils do not conform to those of the unknown source rocks. consistent with the mixing of the two sources. Mixed oils occur mainly in the Huizhou Sag and along its south margin, and the highest proportion of the Enping Formation source in the mixed oils is estimated to be around 80%. Laboratory mixing experiments using selected end-member oils indicate that, even with 50 to 80% contribution from the Enping Formation source, the mixture still display sterane biomarker signatures diagnostic of the Wenchang Formation source. Therefore, the presence of abundant 4-methyl steranes is a necessary but not sufficient indicator for the Wenchang Formation source in the eastern Pearl River Mouth Basin. Although our results support the Wenchang Formation as a major source to the known oil discoveries in the study area, the contribution of the Enping Formation source to traps in the Huizhou Sag and surrounding area cannot be ignored. There is clear evidence for the recharge of Enping Formation derived oils into the early-biodegraded oil reservoirs to form light oil accumulations.

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Reference (34)

[1]	Li M, Larter S R, Mei B, et al. Maturity assessment of immature oils produced from the Shahejie Formation of the Liaohe Basin, NE China . In: Grimalt J O, Dorronsoro C. Eds. Organic Geochemistry: Developments and App lications to Energy, Climate, Environment. 1995
[2]	Li M, Larter S R, Lin R, et al. Resolution of immature oil paradoxe s in the block-faulting basins: a successful exploration case in eastern China. In: European Association of Organic Geochemists(eds). Abstracts of the 19 th International Meeting on Organic Geochemistry. TUBITAK Mamara Research C enter, Istanbul, 1999. 123～124
[3]	Li S, Pang X, Li M, et al. Petroleum systems in the Bohai Bay Basin : Part 1. Distribution and organic geochemistry of petroleum source rocks in the Niuzhuang South Slope. Organic Geochemistry, 2003, 34(3): 389～412
[4]	王文军,宋宁,姜乃煌,等. 未熟油与成熟油的混源实验、混源理论图版及其应用. 石油勘探与开发,1999,26(4):34～37
[5]	黎茂稳. 油气二次运移研究的基本思路和几个应用实例. 石油勘探与开发, 2000,27(4):11～19
[6]	Pang X, Li M, Li S, et al. Origin of crude oils in the Jinhu Depres sion of North Jiangsu-South Yellow Sea Basin, eastern China. Organic Geoch emistry, 2003, 34(4):553～574
[7]	Pang X, Li M, Li S, et al. Petroleum systems in the Bohai Bay Basin : Part 2. Geochemical evidence for significant contribution of mature source roc ks to immature oils in the Bamianhe field . Organic Geochemistry, 2003, 34( 7): 931～950
[8]	Curiale J A. Non-source rock origins for certain compound types in cru de oil. In: Landais P, ed. Abstracts of the 20th International Meeting on Organ ic Geochemistry. European Association of Organic Geochemists. Nancy, 2001. 158～ 159
[9]	Jiang C, Li M, Osadetz K G, et al. Bakken/Madison petroleum systems in the Canadian Williston Basin. Part 2: molecular markers diagnostic of Bakken and Lodgepole source rocks . Organic Geochemistry, 2001, 32: 1037～1054
[10]	Jiang C, Li M. Bakken/Madison petroleum systems in the Canadian Williston Ba sin. Part 3: Geochemical evidence for significant contribution of Bakken-derive d oils in Madison Group reservoirs. Organic Geochemistry, 2002, 33: 761～78 7
[11]	Jiang C, Li M. Bakken/Madison petroleum systems in the Canadian Williston Ba sin. Part 4: Diphenylmethanes and benzylcyclohexanes as indicators for oils deri ved from the Madison petroleum system . Organic Geochemistry, 2002, 33: 855 ～860
[12]	Peters K E, Moldowan J M, Driscole A R, et al. Origin of Beatrice oil by co-sourcing from Devonian and Middle Jurassic source rocks, Inner Moray Firth, United Kingdom. American Association of Petroleum Geologisits Bulletin, 1989, 7 3: 454～471
[13]	Bissada A. Geochemistry offers new E & P tools. The American Oil & Gas Repor ter, 1996, 10: 83～88
[14]	Horstad I, Larter S R. Petroleum migration, alteration, and remigration with in Troll Field, Norwegian.1997
[15]	Santos Neto E V, Hayes J M. Use of hydrogen and carbon stable isotopes chara cterizing oils from the Potiguar Basin (Onshore), northeastern Brazil. Bull etin of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 1999, 83: 496～518
[16]	Li M, Huang Y, Obermajer M, et al. Hydrogen isotopic compositions of ind ividual alkanes as a new approach to petroleum correlation: case studies from th e Western Canada Sedimentary Basin. Organic Geochemistry, 2001, 32: 1387～1 399
[17]	Chen J, Deng C, Liang D, et al. Mixed oils derived from multiple source rocks in the Cainan oil field, Junggar Basin, Northwest China. Part II: artifici al mixing experiments on typical crude oils and quantitative oil-source correla tion. Organic Chemistry, 2003, 34(7): 911～930
[18]	陈斯忠,张明辉,张俊达. 珠江口盆地东部油气生成与勘探. 石油与天然气地质 ,1991, 12(2): 95～106
[19]	赵柳生,李传宇,梁安耀,等. 珠江口盆地. 翟光明等. 中国石油地质志·卷十六(下). 北京: 石油工业出版社,1992.77～340
[20]	黄第藩,李晋超. 中国陆相盆地干酪根类型划分的X图解. 地球化学,1982, 11(1 ): 21～30
[21]	Alexander R, Kagi R I, Volkman J K, et al. The geochemistry of some biod egraded Australian oils. Australian Petroleum Exploration Association Journ al, 1983, 23(1): 53～63
[22]	Volkman J K. Biological marker compounds as indicators of the depositional e nvironments of petroleum source rocks. In: Fleet A J, Kelts K, Talbot M R, eds. Lacustrine Petroleum Source Rocks. Special Publication No. 40. Geological Soci ety, London, 1988.103～122
[23]	van Aarssen B G K, de Leeuw J W. On the identification and occurrence of oli gomerized sesquiterpenoid compounds in oils and sediments of southeast Asia . Abstracts of the 14th International Meeting on Organic Geochemistry, Paris, Se ptember, 1989. 18～22
[24]	van Aarssen B G K, Cox H C, Hoogendoorn P, et al. A cadinene bioploymer present in fossil and extant Dammar resins as source for cadinanes and dicadinan es in crude oils from South East Asia. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 199 0, 54: 3021～3031
[25]	张泉兴,张启明. 莺-琼盆地梅山组海相烃源岩的树脂化合物.中国海洋石油西部公司勘探开发科学研究院. 莺歌海盆地石油地质论文集. 北京: 地震出版社,1993.1 8～26
[26]	Ourisson G, Albrecht P, Rohmer M. Predictive microbial biochemistry from mol ecular fossils to procaryotic membrances. Trends in Biochemical Science, 19 82, 7: 236～239
[27]	Connan J, Restle A, Albrecht P. Biodegradation of crude oil in the Aquitaine basin. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 1980, 12: 1～17
[28]	Aquino Neto F R, Trendel J M, Restle A, et al. Occurrence and formation of tricyclic and tetracyclic terpanes in sediments and petroleums. In: Bj orΦy M, et al. eds. Advances in Organic Geochemistry 1981. J Wiley an d Sons, New York, 1983.659～676
[29]	Peters K E, Moldowan J M. The Biomarker Guide. Interpreting Molecular Fossil s in Petroleum and Ancient Sediments. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1993
[30]	Moldowan J M, Dahl J, Huizinga B J, et al. The molecular fossil record o f oleanane and its relation to angiosperms. Science, 1994, 265: 768～771
[31]	Ekweozor C M, Okogun J I, Ekong D E U, et al. Preliminary organic geoche mical studies of samples from the Niger Delta (Nigeria). Chemical Geology , 1979, 27: 29～37
[32]	Wolff G A, Lamb N A, Maxwell J R. The origin and fate of 4-methyl steroid h ydrocarbons I. 4-methyl steranes. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 1986, 5 0: 335～342
[33]	Volkman J K, Kearney P, Jeffrey S W. A new source of 4-methyl sterols and 5 a(H)-stanols in sediments: prymnesiophyte microalgae of the genus Pavlova. Organic Geochemistry, 1990, 15: 489～497
[34]	Fu J, Pei C, Sheng G., et al. A geochemical investigation of crude oils from eastern Pearl River mouth basin, South China. Journal of Southeast A sian Earth Sciences, 1992, 7: 271～272

Geochemistry of Petroleum Systems in the Eastern Pearl River Mouth Basin-I:Oil Family Classification, Oil-source Correlation and Mixed Oil Analysis

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References

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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