Cretaceous Diagenesis and Its Control on Reservoir in Kelasu Structure Zone, Kuqa Depression

PAN Rong; ZHU Xiao-min; LIU Fen; LI Yong; ZHANG Jian-feng

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Article Navigation > Acta Sedimentologica Sinica > 2014 > 32(5): 973-980

PAN Rong, ZHU Xiao-min, LIU Fen, LI Yong, ZHANG Jian-feng. Cretaceous Diagenesis and Its Control on Reservoir in Kelasu Structure Zone, Kuqa Depression[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2014, 32(5): 973-980.

Citation:

PAN Rong, ZHU Xiao-min, LIU Fen, LI Yong, ZHANG Jian-feng. Cretaceous Diagenesis and Its Control on Reservoir in Kelasu Structure Zone, Kuqa Depression[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2014, 32(5): 973-980.

Cretaceous Diagenesis and Its Control on Reservoir in Kelasu Structure Zone, Kuqa Depression

1.
College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249;
2.
PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company, Korla, Xinjiang 841000

Received Date: 2013-07-13
Rev Recd Date: 2013-09-28
Publish Date: 2014-10-10

Abstract

Based on a large number of thin sections, casting thin sections, logging data and core observation, the characteristics of rock components, diagenesis and pore types of Cretaceous Bashijiqike Formation in Kelasu structure zone are systematically studied. The results indicate that the petrological characteristics of sandstone reservoirs are low compositional maturity, middle-well sorted, low-middle textural maturity, sub-angular and sub-round. The effective reservoir spaces are secondary pore and primary pore. The reservoir under went compaction, cementation, dissolution and fissure. The reservoir has mainly entered stage A2-B of the middle diagenetic phase. The cementation is mainly of carbonate character. The mechanical compaction and cementation are the major reasons for reducing storage space. The pore space was affected by the dissolution of calcite cement, feldspar and fragments. Tectonic fracturing gave rise to new reservoir spaces. On the hanging wall of Kelasu fault, the burial depth of strata is shallower, and the storage space is characterized by secondary pores which have formed from the aerial dissolution by the uplifted strata. However, on the foot wall of the Kelasu fault, the burial depth of strata is deeper, and the reservoirs were densified because of compaction and cementation. The solution and fissure are important for improving the quality of the reservoir.
- Kuqa depression,
- Cretaceous,
- sandstone reservoir,
- diagenesis,
- controlling factors of reservoir quality

References

[1]	Salem A M, Morad S, Mato L F, et al. Diagenesis and reservoir-quality evolution of fluvial sandstones during progressive burial and uplift: Evidence from the Upper Jurassic Boipeba Member, Reconcavo basin, northeastern Brazil[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 2000, 84(7): 1015-1040
[2]	查全衡, 何文渊. 试论"低品位"油气资源[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2003, 30(6):5-7[Zha Quanheng, He Wenyuan. A primary discussion on the "low grade resource"[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2003, 30(6): 5-7]
[3]	蒋凌志, 顾家裕, 郭彬程. 中国含油气盆地碎屑岩低渗透储层的特征及形成机理[J]. 沉积学报, 2004, 22(1):13-18[Jiang Lingzhi, Gu Jiayu, Guo Bincheng. Characteristics and mechanism of low permeability clastic reservoir in Chinese petroliferous basin[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2004, 22(1): 13-18]
[4]	Shanley K W, Cluff R M, Robinson J W. Factors controlling prolific gas production from low-permeability sandstone reservoirs: Implications for resource assessment, prospect development, and risk analysis[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 2004, 88(8): 1083-1121
[5]	Zhu Shifa, Zhu Xiaomin, Wang Xulong, et al. Zeolite diagenesis and its control on petroleum reservoir quality of Permian in northwestern margin of Junggar Basin, China[J]. Science China: Earth Sciences, 2012, 55(3): 386-396
[6]	柳益群, 李文厚. 陕甘宁盆地东部上三叠统含油长石砂岩的成岩特点及孔隙演化[J]. 沉积学报, 1996, 14(3):87-96[Liu Yiqun, Li Wenhou. Diagenetic characteristics and porosity evolution of the oil-bearing arkoses in the Upper Triassic in the Eastern Shaan-Gan-Ning basin[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 1996, 14(3): 87-96]
[7]	朱筱敏, 刘长利, 张亚雄, 等. 苏北盆地上白垩统泰州组砂岩成岩序列和储集层质量主控因素分析[J]. 古地理学报, 2008, 10(5):439-446[Zhu Xiaomin, Liu Changli, Zhang Yaxiong, et al. Sandstone diagenetic succession and major factors controlling reservoir quality of the Taizhou Formation of Upper Cretaceous in Subei Basin[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography, 2008, 10(5): 439-446]
[8]	Morad S, Al-Ramadan K, Ketzer J M, et al. The impact of diagenesis on the heterogeneity of sandstone reservoirs: A review of the role of depositional facies and sequence stratigraphy[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 2010, 94(8): 1267-1309
[9]	Ajdukiewicz J M, Nicholson P H, Esch W L. Prediction of deep reservoir quality using early diagenetic process models in the Jurassic Norphlet Formation, Gulf of Mexico[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 2010, 94(8): 1189-1227
[10]	Zhang Xia, Lin Chunming, Cai Yuanfeng, et al. Pore-lining chlorite cements in lacustrine deltaic sandstones from the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin, China[J]. Journal of Petroleum Geology, 2012, 35(3): 273-290
[11]	郭卫星, 漆家福, 李明刚, 等. 库车坳陷克拉苏构造带的反转构造及其形成机制[J]. 石油学报, 2010, 31(3):379-385[Guo Weixing, Qi Jiafu, Li Minggang, et al. Inversion structure of Kelasu structure zone in Kuqa depression and its formation mechanism[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2010, 31(3): 379-385]
[12]	顾家裕, 方辉, 贾进华. 塔里木盆地库车坳陷白垩系辫状三角洲砂体成岩作用和储层特征[J]. 沉积学报, 2001, 19(4):517-523[Gu Jiayu, Fang Hui, Jia Jinhua. Diagenesis and reservoir characteristics of Cretaceous braided delta sandbody in Kuqa depression, Tarim Basin[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2001, 19(4): 517-523]
[13]	朱如凯, 高志勇, 郭宏莉, 等. 塔里木盆地北部白垩系—古近系不同段、带沉积体系比较研究[J]. 沉积学报, 2007, 25(3):325-331[Zhu Rukai, Gao Zhiyong, Guo Hongli, et al. Comparasion of different segmentations and zones during Cretaceous and Paleogene in North Tarim Basin[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2007, 25(3): 325-331]
[14]	潘荣, 朱筱敏, 刘芬, 等. 新疆库车坳陷克拉苏冲断带白垩系辫状河三角洲沉积特征及其与储集层发育的关系[J]. 古地理学报, 2013, 15(5):707-716[Pan Rong, Zhu Xiaomin, Liu Fen, et al. Sedimentary characteristics of braided delta and relationship to reservoirs in the Cretaceous of Kelasu tectonic zone in Kuqa depression, Xinjiang[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography, 2013, 15(5): 707-716]
[15]	沈扬, 马玉杰, 赵力彬, 等. 库车坳陷东部古近系—白垩系储层控制因素及有利勘探区[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2009, 30(2):136-142[Shen Yang, Ma Yujie, Zhao Libin, et al. Controlling factors of the Paleogene-Cretaceous reservoirs and potential exploration areas in the eastern Kuqa depression[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2009, 30(2): 136-142]
[16]	寿建峰, 朱国华, 张惠良. 构造侧向挤压与砂岩成岩压实作用——以塔里木盆地为例[J]. 沉积学报, 2003, 21(1):90-95[Shou Jianfeng, Zhu Guohua, Zhang Huiliang. Lateral structure compression and its influence on sandstone diagenesis: A case study from the Tarim Basin[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2003, 21(1): 90-95]
[17]	韩登林, 李忠, 韩银学, 等. 库车坳陷克拉苏构造带白垩系砂岩埋藏成岩环境的封闭性及其胶结作用分异特征[J]. 岩石学报, 2009, 25(10):2351-2362[Han Denglin, Li Zhong, Han Yinxue, et al. Sealing feature of burial diagenesis environment and its controls on differentiation of cementation in Cretaceous sandstone reservoir in Kelasu structure zone, Kuqa depression[J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 2009, 25(10): 2351-2362]
[18]	刘春, 张惠良, 韩波, 等. 库车坳陷大北地区深部碎屑岩储层特征及控制因素[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2009, 20(4):504-512[Liu Chun, Zhang Huiliang, Han Bo, et al. Reservoir characteristics and control factors of deep-burial clastic rocks in Dabei zone of Kuche sag[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2009, 20(4): 504-512]
[19]	张荣虎, 张惠良, 马玉杰, 等. 特低孔特低渗高产储层成因机制——以库车坳陷大北1气田巴什基奇克组储层为例[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2008, 19(1):75-82[Zhang Ronghu, Zhang Huiliang, Ma Yujie, et al. Origin of extra low porosity and permeability high production reseroirs: a case from Bashijiqike reservoir of Dabei oil field, Kuqa depression[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2008, 19(1): 75-82]
[20]	张敏强, 黄思静, 吴志轩, 等. 东海盆地丽水凹陷古近系储层砂岩中碳酸盐胶结物及形成机制[J]. 成都理工大学学报:自然科学版, 2007, 34(3):259-266[Zhang Minqiang, Huang Sijing, Wu Zhixuan, et al. Carbonate cements and their formation mechanism in Palaeogene sandstones of Lishui sag, East China Sea Basin[J]. Journal of Chendu University of Technology: Science & Technology Edition, 2007, 34(3): 259-266]
[21]	Ketzer J M, Morad S, Evans R, et al. Distribution of diagenetic alterations in fluvial, deltaic, and shallow marine sandstones within a sequence stratigraphic framework: Evidence from the Mullaghmore Formation (Carboniferous), NW Ireland[J]. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 2002, 72(6): 760-774
[22]	MΦrk M B E, Moen K. Compaction microstructures in quartz grains and quartz cement in deeply buried reservoir sandstones using combined petrography and EBSD analysis[J]. Journal of Structural Geology, 2007, 29(11): 1843-1854
[23]	宋岩, 洪峰, 夏新宇, 等. 异常压力与油气藏的同生关系——以库车坳陷为例[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2006, 33(3):303-308[Song Yan, Hong Feng, Xia Xinyu, et al. Syngenesis relationship between abnormal overpressure and gas pool formation[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2006, 33(3): 303-308]
[24]	朱世发, 朱筱敏, 刘振宇, 等. 准噶尔盆地西北缘克—百地区侏罗系成岩作用及其对储层质量的影响[J]. 高校地质学报, 2008, 14(2):172-180[Zhu Shifa, Zhu Xiaomin, Liu Zhenyu, et al. Jurassic diagenesis and its control on reservoir quality in Ke-Bai area, northwestern margin of Junggar Basin[J]. Geological Journal of China Universities, 2008, 14(2): 172-180]
[25]	Houseknecht D W. Assessing the relative importance of compaction processes and cementation to reduction of porosity in sandstones[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1987, 71(3): 633-642

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

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Cretaceous Diagenesis and Its Control on Reservoir in Kelasu Structure Zone, Kuqa Depression

1. College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249;

2. PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company, Korla, Xinjiang 841000

Received Date: 2013-07-13

Rev Recd Date: 2013-09-28

Publish Date: 2014-10-10

Key words:

Kuqa depression /
Cretaceous /
sandstone reservoir /
diagenesis /
controlling factors of reservoir quality

Abstract: Based on a large number of thin sections, casting thin sections, logging data and core observation, the characteristics of rock components, diagenesis and pore types of Cretaceous Bashijiqike Formation in Kelasu structure zone are systematically studied. The results indicate that the petrological characteristics of sandstone reservoirs are low compositional maturity, middle-well sorted, low-middle textural maturity, sub-angular and sub-round. The effective reservoir spaces are secondary pore and primary pore. The reservoir under went compaction, cementation, dissolution and fissure. The reservoir has mainly entered stage A2-B of the middle diagenetic phase. The cementation is mainly of carbonate character. The mechanical compaction and cementation are the major reasons for reducing storage space. The pore space was affected by the dissolution of calcite cement, feldspar and fragments. Tectonic fracturing gave rise to new reservoir spaces. On the hanging wall of Kelasu fault, the burial depth of strata is shallower, and the storage space is characterized by secondary pores which have formed from the aerial dissolution by the uplifted strata. However, on the foot wall of the Kelasu fault, the burial depth of strata is deeper, and the reservoirs were densified because of compaction and cementation. The solution and fissure are important for improving the quality of the reservoir.

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Reference (25)

[1]	Salem A M, Morad S, Mato L F, et al. Diagenesis and reservoir-quality evolution of fluvial sandstones during progressive burial and uplift: Evidence from the Upper Jurassic Boipeba Member, Reconcavo basin, northeastern Brazil[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 2000, 84(7): 1015-1040
[2]	查全衡, 何文渊. 试论"低品位"油气资源[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2003, 30(6):5-7[Zha Quanheng, He Wenyuan. A primary discussion on the "low grade resource"[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2003, 30(6): 5-7]
[3]	蒋凌志, 顾家裕, 郭彬程. 中国含油气盆地碎屑岩低渗透储层的特征及形成机理[J]. 沉积学报, 2004, 22(1):13-18[Jiang Lingzhi, Gu Jiayu, Guo Bincheng. Characteristics and mechanism of low permeability clastic reservoir in Chinese petroliferous basin[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2004, 22(1): 13-18]
[4]	Shanley K W, Cluff R M, Robinson J W. Factors controlling prolific gas production from low-permeability sandstone reservoirs: Implications for resource assessment, prospect development, and risk analysis[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 2004, 88(8): 1083-1121
[5]	Zhu Shifa, Zhu Xiaomin, Wang Xulong, et al. Zeolite diagenesis and its control on petroleum reservoir quality of Permian in northwestern margin of Junggar Basin, China[J]. Science China: Earth Sciences, 2012, 55(3): 386-396
[6]	柳益群, 李文厚. 陕甘宁盆地东部上三叠统含油长石砂岩的成岩特点及孔隙演化[J]. 沉积学报, 1996, 14(3):87-96[Liu Yiqun, Li Wenhou. Diagenetic characteristics and porosity evolution of the oil-bearing arkoses in the Upper Triassic in the Eastern Shaan-Gan-Ning basin[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 1996, 14(3): 87-96]
[7]	朱筱敏, 刘长利, 张亚雄, 等. 苏北盆地上白垩统泰州组砂岩成岩序列和储集层质量主控因素分析[J]. 古地理学报, 2008, 10(5):439-446[Zhu Xiaomin, Liu Changli, Zhang Yaxiong, et al. Sandstone diagenetic succession and major factors controlling reservoir quality of the Taizhou Formation of Upper Cretaceous in Subei Basin[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography, 2008, 10(5): 439-446]
[8]	Morad S, Al-Ramadan K, Ketzer J M, et al. The impact of diagenesis on the heterogeneity of sandstone reservoirs: A review of the role of depositional facies and sequence stratigraphy[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 2010, 94(8): 1267-1309
[9]	Ajdukiewicz J M, Nicholson P H, Esch W L. Prediction of deep reservoir quality using early diagenetic process models in the Jurassic Norphlet Formation, Gulf of Mexico[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 2010, 94(8): 1189-1227
[10]	Zhang Xia, Lin Chunming, Cai Yuanfeng, et al. Pore-lining chlorite cements in lacustrine deltaic sandstones from the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin, China[J]. Journal of Petroleum Geology, 2012, 35(3): 273-290
[11]	郭卫星, 漆家福, 李明刚, 等. 库车坳陷克拉苏构造带的反转构造及其形成机制[J]. 石油学报, 2010, 31(3):379-385[Guo Weixing, Qi Jiafu, Li Minggang, et al. Inversion structure of Kelasu structure zone in Kuqa depression and its formation mechanism[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2010, 31(3): 379-385]
[12]	顾家裕, 方辉, 贾进华. 塔里木盆地库车坳陷白垩系辫状三角洲砂体成岩作用和储层特征[J]. 沉积学报, 2001, 19(4):517-523[Gu Jiayu, Fang Hui, Jia Jinhua. Diagenesis and reservoir characteristics of Cretaceous braided delta sandbody in Kuqa depression, Tarim Basin[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2001, 19(4): 517-523]
[13]	朱如凯, 高志勇, 郭宏莉, 等. 塔里木盆地北部白垩系—古近系不同段、带沉积体系比较研究[J]. 沉积学报, 2007, 25(3):325-331[Zhu Rukai, Gao Zhiyong, Guo Hongli, et al. Comparasion of different segmentations and zones during Cretaceous and Paleogene in North Tarim Basin[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2007, 25(3): 325-331]
[14]	潘荣, 朱筱敏, 刘芬, 等. 新疆库车坳陷克拉苏冲断带白垩系辫状河三角洲沉积特征及其与储集层发育的关系[J]. 古地理学报, 2013, 15(5):707-716[Pan Rong, Zhu Xiaomin, Liu Fen, et al. Sedimentary characteristics of braided delta and relationship to reservoirs in the Cretaceous of Kelasu tectonic zone in Kuqa depression, Xinjiang[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography, 2013, 15(5): 707-716]
[15]	沈扬, 马玉杰, 赵力彬, 等. 库车坳陷东部古近系—白垩系储层控制因素及有利勘探区[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2009, 30(2):136-142[Shen Yang, Ma Yujie, Zhao Libin, et al. Controlling factors of the Paleogene-Cretaceous reservoirs and potential exploration areas in the eastern Kuqa depression[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2009, 30(2): 136-142]
[16]	寿建峰, 朱国华, 张惠良. 构造侧向挤压与砂岩成岩压实作用——以塔里木盆地为例[J]. 沉积学报, 2003, 21(1):90-95[Shou Jianfeng, Zhu Guohua, Zhang Huiliang. Lateral structure compression and its influence on sandstone diagenesis: A case study from the Tarim Basin[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2003, 21(1): 90-95]
[17]	韩登林, 李忠, 韩银学, 等. 库车坳陷克拉苏构造带白垩系砂岩埋藏成岩环境的封闭性及其胶结作用分异特征[J]. 岩石学报, 2009, 25(10):2351-2362[Han Denglin, Li Zhong, Han Yinxue, et al. Sealing feature of burial diagenesis environment and its controls on differentiation of cementation in Cretaceous sandstone reservoir in Kelasu structure zone, Kuqa depression[J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 2009, 25(10): 2351-2362]
[18]	刘春, 张惠良, 韩波, 等. 库车坳陷大北地区深部碎屑岩储层特征及控制因素[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2009, 20(4):504-512[Liu Chun, Zhang Huiliang, Han Bo, et al. Reservoir characteristics and control factors of deep-burial clastic rocks in Dabei zone of Kuche sag[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2009, 20(4): 504-512]
[19]	张荣虎, 张惠良, 马玉杰, 等. 特低孔特低渗高产储层成因机制——以库车坳陷大北1气田巴什基奇克组储层为例[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2008, 19(1):75-82[Zhang Ronghu, Zhang Huiliang, Ma Yujie, et al. Origin of extra low porosity and permeability high production reseroirs: a case from Bashijiqike reservoir of Dabei oil field, Kuqa depression[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2008, 19(1): 75-82]
[20]	张敏强, 黄思静, 吴志轩, 等. 东海盆地丽水凹陷古近系储层砂岩中碳酸盐胶结物及形成机制[J]. 成都理工大学学报:自然科学版, 2007, 34(3):259-266[Zhang Minqiang, Huang Sijing, Wu Zhixuan, et al. Carbonate cements and their formation mechanism in Palaeogene sandstones of Lishui sag, East China Sea Basin[J]. Journal of Chendu University of Technology: Science & Technology Edition, 2007, 34(3): 259-266]
[21]	Ketzer J M, Morad S, Evans R, et al. Distribution of diagenetic alterations in fluvial, deltaic, and shallow marine sandstones within a sequence stratigraphic framework: Evidence from the Mullaghmore Formation (Carboniferous), NW Ireland[J]. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 2002, 72(6): 760-774
[22]	MΦrk M B E, Moen K. Compaction microstructures in quartz grains and quartz cement in deeply buried reservoir sandstones using combined petrography and EBSD analysis[J]. Journal of Structural Geology, 2007, 29(11): 1843-1854
[23]	宋岩, 洪峰, 夏新宇, 等. 异常压力与油气藏的同生关系——以库车坳陷为例[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2006, 33(3):303-308[Song Yan, Hong Feng, Xia Xinyu, et al. Syngenesis relationship between abnormal overpressure and gas pool formation[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2006, 33(3): 303-308]
[24]	朱世发, 朱筱敏, 刘振宇, 等. 准噶尔盆地西北缘克—百地区侏罗系成岩作用及其对储层质量的影响[J]. 高校地质学报, 2008, 14(2):172-180[Zhu Shifa, Zhu Xiaomin, Liu Zhenyu, et al. Jurassic diagenesis and its control on reservoir quality in Ke-Bai area, northwestern margin of Junggar Basin[J]. Geological Journal of China Universities, 2008, 14(2): 172-180]
[25]	Houseknecht D W. Assessing the relative importance of compaction processes and cementation to reduction of porosity in sandstones[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1987, 71(3): 633-642

Cretaceous Diagenesis and Its Control on Reservoir in Kelasu Structure Zone, Kuqa Depression

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