Chemical Weathering Recorded by Major Element of Northern South Yellow Sea since Late Pleistocene

MEI Xi; ZHANG Xun-hua; LI Ri-hui; LAN Xian-hong

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Article Navigation > Acta Sedimentologica Sinica > 2014 > 32(5): 846-854

MEI Xi, ZHANG Xun-hua, LI Ri-hui, LAN Xian-hong. Chemical Weathering Recorded by Major Element of Northern South Yellow Sea since Late Pleistocene[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2014, 32(5): 846-854.

Citation:

MEI Xi, ZHANG Xun-hua, LI Ri-hui, LAN Xian-hong. Chemical Weathering Recorded by Major Element of Northern South Yellow Sea since Late Pleistocene[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2014, 32(5): 846-854.

Chemical Weathering Recorded by Major Element of Northern South Yellow Sea since Late Pleistocene

MEI Xi^1,2,
ZHANG Xun-hua^{1,2
,},
LI Ri-hui^1,2,
LAN Xian-hong^1,2

1.
Key Laboratory of Marine Petroleum Resources and Environmental Geology, Ministry of Land and Resources, Qingdao, Shandong 266071;
2.
Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology, Qingdao, Shandong 266071

Received Date: 2013-08-05
Rev Recd Date: 2014-06-04
Publish Date: 2014-10-10

Abstract

The chemical weathering of silicate rocks in continents as an important sink of atmospheric CO₂ is of great significance for global environmental change.The chemical index of alteration (CIA) has been widely used as a proxy for chemical weathering in sediment source area. This study presents combined clay minerals and major elements analyses on bulk sediments from a 71-m-long core with high sedimentation rate from northern South Yellow Sea and containing a Late Pleistocene record. After examining the variations of clay minerals and major elements compositions of the core sediment, we develop clay minerals and geochemical proxies to identify the origins of the DLC70-3 Core sediments,especially to discriminate the Yangze River-derived and Yellow River-derived sediment provenances. Further-more, CIA indices are also applied to decipher the chemical weathering record in sediment source area.Results show that combination of clay minerals is given priority to illite, followed by smectite, with low chlorite and kaolinite. In the vast majority of samples the ratios of illite to smectite is less than 6, indicating that the sediments are mainly transported by the Yellow River.The research suggests that the chemical weathering index (CIA) of the sediment in DLC70-3 Core is controlled together by the sea level change and the climate change of the source area, of which the latter one is the major controlling factor. However, the mechanical sedimentary differentiation caused by the sea level change might have affects CIA values at the depth of 27.80~38.00 m corresponding to MIS 4 of coarse grained sediments greatly. CIA values reveal that during MIS 5 and MIS 3 the continental chemical weathering is relatively strong, which is consistent with the trend of summer monsoon and chemical weathering index of the inland Loess Plateau area, especially in the early stage of the MIS 3 (40~60 ka), the record of chemical weathering is very strong, which reflects a strong summer monsoon rainfall process in the Yellow River basin. Although the high resolution paleoenvironmental changes can not be easily reconstructed due to ubiquitous unconformity in the sedimentary strata and weak age controls compared to the deep sea sedimentation, the present study sheds new lights on the understanding of the East Asian palaeomonsoon activity in the Yellow River Basin.
- major elements,
- clay minerals,
- chemical weathering,
- Late Pleistocene,
- South Yellow Sea

References

[1]	Liu J, Saito Y, Kong X, et al. Delta development and channel incision during marine isotope stages 3 and 2 in the western South Yellow Sea[J]. Marine Geology, 2010, 278(1): 54-76
[2]	杨子赓. Olduvai 亚时以来南黄海沉积层序及古地理变迁[J]. 地质学报, 1993, 67(4):357-366[Yang Zigeng. The sedimentary sequence and palaeogeographic changes of the South Yellow Sea since the Olduvai subchron[J]. Acta Geologia Sinica, 1993, 67(4): 357-366]
[3]	Chough S, Lee H, Chun S, et al. Depositional processes of Late Quaternary sediments in the Yellow Sea: a review[J]. Geosciences Journal, 2004, 8(2): 211-264
[4]	Ge S, Shi X, Zhu R, et al. Magnetostratigraphy of borehole EY02-2 in the southern Yellow Sea and its paleoenvironmental significance[J].Chinese Science Bulletin, 2006, 51(7): 855-865
[5]	李双林, 李绍全. 黄海YA01孔沉积物稀土元素组成与源区示踪[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2001, 21(3):51-56[Li Shuanglin, Li Shaoquan. REE composition and source tracing of sediments from core YA01 inYellow Sea[J]. Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology, 2001, 21(3): 51-56]
[6]	梅西, 张训华, 李日辉. 南黄海中部泥质沉积区 DLCT0-3 孔稀土元素及环境意义[J]. 地质科技情报, 2011, 30(4):21-28[Mei Xi, Zhang Xunhua, Li Rihui. REE of DLC70-3 Core sediments from mud areas in the central South Yellow Sea and its environmental significance[J]. Geological Science and Technology Information, 2011, 30(4): 21-28]
[7]	陈志华, 石学法, 王湘芹, 等. 南黄海B10岩心的地球化学特征及其对古环境和古气候的反映[J]. 海洋学报, 2003, 25(1):69-77[Chen Zhihua, Shi Xuefa, Wang Xiangqin, et al. Geochemical changes in Core B10 in the southern Yellow Sea and implications for variations in paleoenvironment and paleoclimate[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2003, 25(1): 69-77]
[8]	Cheng Z, Shi X, Chen Z, et al. Microfossil assemblage characteristics in Core B10 and implication for paleoenvironmental evolution in the southern Yellow Sea[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2003, 48(Suppl.1): 49-55
[9]	Fu M, Li Z, Xu X, et al. Sporopollen analysis of Core B10 in the southern Yellow Sea and the reflected characteristics of climate changes[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2003, 48(Suppl.1): 42-48
[10]	Yang S, Yim W, Huang G. Geochemical composition of inner shelf Quaternary sediments in the northern South China Sea with implications for provenance discrimination and paleoenvironmental reconstruction[J]. Global and Planetary Change, 2008, 60(3): 207-221
[11]	Yang S, Youn J. Geochemical compositions and provenance discrimination of the central southYellow Sea sediments[J]. Marine Geology, 2007, 243(1): 229-241
[12]	Yang S, Jung H, Lim D, et al. A review on the provenance discrimination of sediments in the Yellow Sea[J]. Earth-Science Reviews, 2003, 63(1): 93-120
[13]	Nesbitt H, Young G, McLennan S, et al. Effects of chemical weathering and sorting on the petrogenesis of siliciclastic sediments, with implications for provenance studies[J]. The journal of geology, 1996, 104(5): 525-542
[14]	Yang S, Jung H, Li C. Two unique weathering regimes in the Changjiang and Huanghe drainage basins: geochemical evidence from river sediments[J]. Sedimentary Geology, 2004, 164(1): 19-34
[15]	秦蕴珊, 赵一阳, 陈丽蓉, 等. 黄海地质[M]. 北京:海洋出版社, 1989[Qin Yunshan, Zhao Yiyang, Chen Lirong, et al. Geology of the Yellow Sea[M]. Beijing: Ocean Press, 1989]
[16]	Lee S, Shinn Y, Lee K, et al. Depositional development of an isolated mound and adjacent area in the southern Yellow Sea during the last postglacial sea-level rise[J]. Marine Geology, 2009, 265(1): 19-30
[17]	Milliman J, Beardsley R, Yang Z, et al. Modern Huanghe-derived muds on the outer shelf of the East China Sea: identification and potential transport mechanisms[J]. Continental Shelf Research, 1985, 4(1): 175-188
[18]	Alexander C, DeMaster D, Nittrouer C. Sediment accumulation in a modern epicontinental-shelf setting: the Yellow Sea[J]. Marine Geology, 1991, 98(1): 51-72
[19]	Milliman J, Meade R. World-wide delivery of river sediment to the oceans[J]. The Journal of Geology, 1983, 91(1):1-21
[20]	Schubel J, Shen H, Park M. A comparison of some characteristic sedimentation processes of estuaries entering the Yellow Sea[C]//Park Y A, Pilkey O H., Kim S W. Marine Geology and Physical Processes of the Yellow Sea. Seoul: Proc. Korea-U.S. Seminar and Workshop, 1984: 286-308
[21]	Ren M, Shi Y. Sediment discharge of the Yellow River (China) and its effect on the sedimentation of the Bohai and the Yellow Sea[J]. Continental Shelf Research, 1986, 6(6): 785-810
[22]	Gao S, Park Y, Zhao Y, et al. Transport and resuspension of fine-grained sediments over the southeastern Yellow Sea[C]//Lee C, Zhao Y. Proceedings of the Korea-China International Seminar on Holocene and Late Pleistocene Environments in the Yellow Sea Basin. Seoul: Seoul National University, 1996: 83-98
[23]	Park S, Lee H, Han H, et al. Evolution of late Quaternary mud deposits and recent sediment budget in the southeastern Yellow Sea[J]. Marine Geology, 2000, 170(3): 271-288
[24]	Liu Z, Xia D, Berne S, et al. Tidal deposition systems of China's continental shelf, with special reference to the eastern Bohai Sea[J]. Marine Geology, 1998, 145(3): 225-253
[25]	范德江, 杨作升, 毛登, 等. 长江与黄河沉积物中粘土矿物及地化成分的组成[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2001, 21(4):7-12[Fan Dejiang, Yang Zuosheng, Mao Deng, et al. Clay minerals and geochemistry of the sediments from the Yangtze and Yellow rivers[J]. Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology, 2001, 21(4): 7-12]
[26]	梅西, 张训华, 李日辉. 南黄海北部晚第四纪底栖有孔虫群落分布特征及对古冷水团的指示[J]. 地质论评, 2013, 59(6):1024-1034[Mei Xi, Zhang Xunhua, Li Rihui. Distribution of Late Quaternary benthic foraminifera in South Yellow Sea and its implication of paleo-water mass[J]. Geological Review, 2013, 59(6): 1024-1034]
[27]	Yang S, Li C, Lee C, et al. REE geochemistry of suspended sediments from the rivers around the Yellow Sea and provenance indicators[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2003, 48(11): 1135-1139
[28]	何良彪, 刘秦玉. 黄河与长江沉积物中粘土矿物的化学特征[J]. 科学通报, 1997, 42(7):730-734[He Liangbiao, Liu Qinyu. Chemical characteristics of clay minerals of Yangtze and Yellow Rivers[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 1997, 42(7): 730-734]
[29]	McLennan S. Weathering and global denudation[J]. The Journal of Geology, 1993, 101(2): 295-303
[30]	杨作升. 黄河、长江、珠江沉积物中粘土的矿物组合、化学特征及其与物源区气候环境的关系[J]. 海洋与湖沼, 1988, 19(4):336-346[Yang Zuosheng. Clay mineral assemblages and chemical characters in Changjiang, Huanghe and Zhujiang sedimeents, and its relation with the climate environment in the source areas[J]. Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica, 1988, 19(4): 336-346]
[31]	Fralick P, Kronberg B. Geochemical discrimination of clastic sedimentary rock sources[J]. Sedimentary Geology, 1997, 113(1): 111-124
[32]	Shao J, Yang S. Does chemical index of alteration (CIA) reflect silicate weathering and monsoonal climate in the Changjiang River basin?[J] Chinese Science Bulletin, 2012, 57(10): 1178-1187
[33]	Lambeck K, Esat T, Potter E. Links between climate and sea levels for the past three million years[J]. Nature, 2002, 419(6903): 199-206
[34]	季峻峰, 陈骏, 鹿化煜. 陕西洛川黄土中伊利石成因的透射电镜证据[J]. 科学通报, 1998, 43(19):2095-2098[Ji Junfeng, Chen Jun, Lu Huayu.TEM evidence for illite origin in Luochuan loess, Shanxi Province[J].Chinese Science Bulletin, 1998, 43(19): 2095-2098]
[35]	McLennan S. Rare earth elements in sedimentary rocks: Influence of provenance and sedimentary processes[J]. Rev Mineral, 1989, 21: 169-200
[36]	An Z, Kukla G, Porter S, et al. Magnetic susceptibility evidence of monsoon variation on the Loess Plateau of central China during the last 130, 000 years[J]. Quaternary Research, 1991, 36(1): 29-36
[37]	Yang J, Chen J, An Z, et al. Variations in ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶ Sr ratios of calcites in Chinese loess: a proxy for chemical weathering associated with the East Asian summer monsoon[J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 2000, 157(1): 151-159
[38]	施雅风, 于革. 40~30ka BP 中国暖湿气候和海侵的特征与成因探讨[J]. 第四纪研究, 2003, 23(1):1-11[Shi Yafeng, Yu Ge. Warm humid climate and transgressions during 40-30ka BP. and their potential mechanisms[J]. Quaternary Sciences, 2003, 23(1): 1-11]
[39]	Porter S, An Z.Correlation between climate events in the North Atlantic and China during the last glaciation[J]. Nature, 1995, 375: 305-308
[40]	Wang Y, Cheng H, Edwards R L, et al.Millennial-and orbital-scale changes in the East Asian monsoon over the past 224, 000 years[J]. Nature, 2008, 451(7182): 1090-1093
[41]	梅西, 张训华, 郑洪波, 等. 南海南部 120ka 以来元素地球化学记录的东亚夏季风变迁[J]. 矿物岩石地球化学通报, 2010, 29(2):134-141[Mei Xi, Zhang Xunhua, Zheng Hongbo, et al. Element geochemistry record of Southern South China Sea sediments during the past 120 ka and its implications for East Asian Summer Monsoon variation[J]. Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry, 2010, 29(2): 134-141]

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Chemical Weathering Recorded by Major Element of Northern South Yellow Sea since Late Pleistocene

1. Key Laboratory of Marine Petroleum Resources and Environmental Geology, Ministry of Land and Resources, Qingdao, Shandong 266071;

2. Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology, Qingdao, Shandong 266071

Received Date: 2013-08-05

Rev Recd Date: 2014-06-04

Publish Date: 2014-10-10

Key words:

Abstract: The chemical weathering of silicate rocks in continents as an important sink of atmospheric CO₂ is of great significance for global environmental change.The chemical index of alteration (CIA) has been widely used as a proxy for chemical weathering in sediment source area. This study presents combined clay minerals and major elements analyses on bulk sediments from a 71-m-long core with high sedimentation rate from northern South Yellow Sea and containing a Late Pleistocene record. After examining the variations of clay minerals and major elements compositions of the core sediment, we develop clay minerals and geochemical proxies to identify the origins of the DLC70-3 Core sediments,especially to discriminate the Yangze River-derived and Yellow River-derived sediment provenances. Further-more, CIA indices are also applied to decipher the chemical weathering record in sediment source area.Results show that combination of clay minerals is given priority to illite, followed by smectite, with low chlorite and kaolinite. In the vast majority of samples the ratios of illite to smectite is less than 6, indicating that the sediments are mainly transported by the Yellow River.The research suggests that the chemical weathering index (CIA) of the sediment in DLC70-3 Core is controlled together by the sea level change and the climate change of the source area, of which the latter one is the major controlling factor. However, the mechanical sedimentary differentiation caused by the sea level change might have affects CIA values at the depth of 27.80~38.00 m corresponding to MIS 4 of coarse grained sediments greatly. CIA values reveal that during MIS 5 and MIS 3 the continental chemical weathering is relatively strong, which is consistent with the trend of summer monsoon and chemical weathering index of the inland Loess Plateau area, especially in the early stage of the MIS 3 (40~60 ka), the record of chemical weathering is very strong, which reflects a strong summer monsoon rainfall process in the Yellow River basin. Although the high resolution paleoenvironmental changes can not be easily reconstructed due to ubiquitous unconformity in the sedimentary strata and weak age controls compared to the deep sea sedimentation, the present study sheds new lights on the understanding of the East Asian palaeomonsoon activity in the Yellow River Basin.

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Reference (41)

[1]	Liu J, Saito Y, Kong X, et al. Delta development and channel incision during marine isotope stages 3 and 2 in the western South Yellow Sea[J]. Marine Geology, 2010, 278(1): 54-76
[2]	杨子赓. Olduvai 亚时以来南黄海沉积层序及古地理变迁[J]. 地质学报, 1993, 67(4):357-366[Yang Zigeng. The sedimentary sequence and palaeogeographic changes of the South Yellow Sea since the Olduvai subchron[J]. Acta Geologia Sinica, 1993, 67(4): 357-366]
[3]	Chough S, Lee H, Chun S, et al. Depositional processes of Late Quaternary sediments in the Yellow Sea: a review[J]. Geosciences Journal, 2004, 8(2): 211-264
[4]	Ge S, Shi X, Zhu R, et al. Magnetostratigraphy of borehole EY02-2 in the southern Yellow Sea and its paleoenvironmental significance[J].Chinese Science Bulletin, 2006, 51(7): 855-865
[5]	李双林, 李绍全. 黄海YA01孔沉积物稀土元素组成与源区示踪[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2001, 21(3):51-56[Li Shuanglin, Li Shaoquan. REE composition and source tracing of sediments from core YA01 inYellow Sea[J]. Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology, 2001, 21(3): 51-56]
[6]	梅西, 张训华, 李日辉. 南黄海中部泥质沉积区 DLCT0-3 孔稀土元素及环境意义[J]. 地质科技情报, 2011, 30(4):21-28[Mei Xi, Zhang Xunhua, Li Rihui. REE of DLC70-3 Core sediments from mud areas in the central South Yellow Sea and its environmental significance[J]. Geological Science and Technology Information, 2011, 30(4): 21-28]
[7]	陈志华, 石学法, 王湘芹, 等. 南黄海B10岩心的地球化学特征及其对古环境和古气候的反映[J]. 海洋学报, 2003, 25(1):69-77[Chen Zhihua, Shi Xuefa, Wang Xiangqin, et al. Geochemical changes in Core B10 in the southern Yellow Sea and implications for variations in paleoenvironment and paleoclimate[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2003, 25(1): 69-77]
[8]	Cheng Z, Shi X, Chen Z, et al. Microfossil assemblage characteristics in Core B10 and implication for paleoenvironmental evolution in the southern Yellow Sea[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2003, 48(Suppl.1): 49-55
[9]	Fu M, Li Z, Xu X, et al. Sporopollen analysis of Core B10 in the southern Yellow Sea and the reflected characteristics of climate changes[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2003, 48(Suppl.1): 42-48
[10]	Yang S, Yim W, Huang G. Geochemical composition of inner shelf Quaternary sediments in the northern South China Sea with implications for provenance discrimination and paleoenvironmental reconstruction[J]. Global and Planetary Change, 2008, 60(3): 207-221
[11]	Yang S, Youn J. Geochemical compositions and provenance discrimination of the central southYellow Sea sediments[J]. Marine Geology, 2007, 243(1): 229-241
[12]	Yang S, Jung H, Lim D, et al. A review on the provenance discrimination of sediments in the Yellow Sea[J]. Earth-Science Reviews, 2003, 63(1): 93-120
[13]	Nesbitt H, Young G, McLennan S, et al. Effects of chemical weathering and sorting on the petrogenesis of siliciclastic sediments, with implications for provenance studies[J]. The journal of geology, 1996, 104(5): 525-542
[14]	Yang S, Jung H, Li C. Two unique weathering regimes in the Changjiang and Huanghe drainage basins: geochemical evidence from river sediments[J]. Sedimentary Geology, 2004, 164(1): 19-34
[15]	秦蕴珊, 赵一阳, 陈丽蓉, 等. 黄海地质[M]. 北京:海洋出版社, 1989[Qin Yunshan, Zhao Yiyang, Chen Lirong, et al. Geology of the Yellow Sea[M]. Beijing: Ocean Press, 1989]
[16]	Lee S, Shinn Y, Lee K, et al. Depositional development of an isolated mound and adjacent area in the southern Yellow Sea during the last postglacial sea-level rise[J]. Marine Geology, 2009, 265(1): 19-30
[17]	Milliman J, Beardsley R, Yang Z, et al. Modern Huanghe-derived muds on the outer shelf of the East China Sea: identification and potential transport mechanisms[J]. Continental Shelf Research, 1985, 4(1): 175-188
[18]	Alexander C, DeMaster D, Nittrouer C. Sediment accumulation in a modern epicontinental-shelf setting: the Yellow Sea[J]. Marine Geology, 1991, 98(1): 51-72
[19]	Milliman J, Meade R. World-wide delivery of river sediment to the oceans[J]. The Journal of Geology, 1983, 91(1):1-21
[20]	Schubel J, Shen H, Park M. A comparison of some characteristic sedimentation processes of estuaries entering the Yellow Sea[C]//Park Y A, Pilkey O H., Kim S W. Marine Geology and Physical Processes of the Yellow Sea. Seoul: Proc. Korea-U.S. Seminar and Workshop, 1984: 286-308
[21]	Ren M, Shi Y. Sediment discharge of the Yellow River (China) and its effect on the sedimentation of the Bohai and the Yellow Sea[J]. Continental Shelf Research, 1986, 6(6): 785-810
[22]	Gao S, Park Y, Zhao Y, et al. Transport and resuspension of fine-grained sediments over the southeastern Yellow Sea[C]//Lee C, Zhao Y. Proceedings of the Korea-China International Seminar on Holocene and Late Pleistocene Environments in the Yellow Sea Basin. Seoul: Seoul National University, 1996: 83-98
[23]	Park S, Lee H, Han H, et al. Evolution of late Quaternary mud deposits and recent sediment budget in the southeastern Yellow Sea[J]. Marine Geology, 2000, 170(3): 271-288
[24]	Liu Z, Xia D, Berne S, et al. Tidal deposition systems of China's continental shelf, with special reference to the eastern Bohai Sea[J]. Marine Geology, 1998, 145(3): 225-253
[25]	范德江, 杨作升, 毛登, 等. 长江与黄河沉积物中粘土矿物及地化成分的组成[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2001, 21(4):7-12[Fan Dejiang, Yang Zuosheng, Mao Deng, et al. Clay minerals and geochemistry of the sediments from the Yangtze and Yellow rivers[J]. Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology, 2001, 21(4): 7-12]
[26]	梅西, 张训华, 李日辉. 南黄海北部晚第四纪底栖有孔虫群落分布特征及对古冷水团的指示[J]. 地质论评, 2013, 59(6):1024-1034[Mei Xi, Zhang Xunhua, Li Rihui. Distribution of Late Quaternary benthic foraminifera in South Yellow Sea and its implication of paleo-water mass[J]. Geological Review, 2013, 59(6): 1024-1034]
[27]	Yang S, Li C, Lee C, et al. REE geochemistry of suspended sediments from the rivers around the Yellow Sea and provenance indicators[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2003, 48(11): 1135-1139
[28]	何良彪, 刘秦玉. 黄河与长江沉积物中粘土矿物的化学特征[J]. 科学通报, 1997, 42(7):730-734[He Liangbiao, Liu Qinyu. Chemical characteristics of clay minerals of Yangtze and Yellow Rivers[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 1997, 42(7): 730-734]
[29]	McLennan S. Weathering and global denudation[J]. The Journal of Geology, 1993, 101(2): 295-303
[30]	杨作升. 黄河、长江、珠江沉积物中粘土的矿物组合、化学特征及其与物源区气候环境的关系[J]. 海洋与湖沼, 1988, 19(4):336-346[Yang Zuosheng. Clay mineral assemblages and chemical characters in Changjiang, Huanghe and Zhujiang sedimeents, and its relation with the climate environment in the source areas[J]. Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica, 1988, 19(4): 336-346]
[31]	Fralick P, Kronberg B. Geochemical discrimination of clastic sedimentary rock sources[J]. Sedimentary Geology, 1997, 113(1): 111-124
[32]	Shao J, Yang S. Does chemical index of alteration (CIA) reflect silicate weathering and monsoonal climate in the Changjiang River basin?[J] Chinese Science Bulletin, 2012, 57(10): 1178-1187
[33]	Lambeck K, Esat T, Potter E. Links between climate and sea levels for the past three million years[J]. Nature, 2002, 419(6903): 199-206
[34]	季峻峰, 陈骏, 鹿化煜. 陕西洛川黄土中伊利石成因的透射电镜证据[J]. 科学通报, 1998, 43(19):2095-2098[Ji Junfeng, Chen Jun, Lu Huayu.TEM evidence for illite origin in Luochuan loess, Shanxi Province[J].Chinese Science Bulletin, 1998, 43(19): 2095-2098]
[35]	McLennan S. Rare earth elements in sedimentary rocks: Influence of provenance and sedimentary processes[J]. Rev Mineral, 1989, 21: 169-200
[36]	An Z, Kukla G, Porter S, et al. Magnetic susceptibility evidence of monsoon variation on the Loess Plateau of central China during the last 130, 000 years[J]. Quaternary Research, 1991, 36(1): 29-36
[37]	Yang J, Chen J, An Z, et al. Variations in ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶ Sr ratios of calcites in Chinese loess: a proxy for chemical weathering associated with the East Asian summer monsoon[J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 2000, 157(1): 151-159
[38]	施雅风, 于革. 40~30ka BP 中国暖湿气候和海侵的特征与成因探讨[J]. 第四纪研究, 2003, 23(1):1-11[Shi Yafeng, Yu Ge. Warm humid climate and transgressions during 40-30ka BP. and their potential mechanisms[J]. Quaternary Sciences, 2003, 23(1): 1-11]
[39]	Porter S, An Z.Correlation between climate events in the North Atlantic and China during the last glaciation[J]. Nature, 1995, 375: 305-308
[40]	Wang Y, Cheng H, Edwards R L, et al.Millennial-and orbital-scale changes in the East Asian monsoon over the past 224, 000 years[J]. Nature, 2008, 451(7182): 1090-1093
[41]	梅西, 张训华, 郑洪波, 等. 南海南部 120ka 以来元素地球化学记录的东亚夏季风变迁[J]. 矿物岩石地球化学通报, 2010, 29(2):134-141[Mei Xi, Zhang Xunhua, Zheng Hongbo, et al. Element geochemistry record of Southern South China Sea sediments during the past 120 ka and its implications for East Asian Summer Monsoon variation[J]. Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry, 2010, 29(2): 134-141]

Chemical Weathering Recorded by Major Element of Northern South Yellow Sea since Late Pleistocene

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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