Sedimentology of Energy Basins and the Frontier Scientific Problems

Key words: 
• oil, gas, coal, uranium /
• energy basin /
• sedimentology /
• mineralization /
• dynamics of sedimentary basins /
• the frontier scientific problems

Abstract: Energy sedimentary basins refer to the sedimentary basins which can contain energy mineral deposits as oil, gas, coal and/or uranium. Sedimentation and sedimentary formation are the important factors and material basis influencing the occurrence, accumulation and distribution in a certain basin. The sedimentary energy deposits and the formation consist of the key section of sedimentology. It is discussed that the inner relations of the sedimentary formation and the occurrence, accumulation and distribution of the oil, gas, coal and uranium deposits, and proposed that the coal formation is in the transition, cohesion, and the evolutionary stage of past and future during the basin evolution and spatial distribution. It shows that the material source and origin of the initial coal-forming material of the thick coal seam, and indicates that the source area has important influence on sedimentary formation, oil and gas reservoir and uranium mineralization. Two weak points exist in energy basin's sedimentology field. One is the inclination of emphasizing the advanced technology observation test and ignoring detailed analysis of outcrop area. Another is the need to pay attention to and improving the influence degree of later reformation and the restoration level of the paleo sedimentary features of the original basin. Energy basins sedimentology has broadly extensional field and various frontier scientific problems. Therefore, comprehensive, dynamic, integrated research is needed through putting the sedimentology in the space-time evolution of basin formation and reformation together with the evolution of the earth's environment and biological processes. Partial relative frontier scientific problems are focused in this paper, which are dynamics of sedimentary basins, influence of earth's environment and biological processes to sedimentation and mineralization, organic and inorganic effects on the formation of energy minerals, event sedimentology, deep action and mineralization, spatial distribution of energy minerals and sedimentary environment of lack-rich-extreme rich deposit formation, sedimentary formation and geochronology of sedimentary minerals.