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从300 ℃到348 ℃,随温度升高,含膏岩组和不含膏岩组的可溶有机质产率均有所增加(表1),且两组实验在348 ℃时可溶有机质产率均达到最大值,但含膏岩组可溶有机质产率最大值(A组237 mg/g TOC)较不含膏岩组(B组167 mg/g TOC)更高。从348 ℃到396 ℃,两组实验的可溶有机质产率均降低,且含膏岩的A组降低幅度更大。444 ℃时,两组实验的可溶有机质产率达到最低值。
表 1 热模拟实验条件及其可溶有机质、芳烃族组分产率
Table 1. Experimental conditions and yields of soluble organic matter and aromatic hydrocarbon fractions
实验编号 温度/℃ Easy%Ro/% 干酪根/mg 膏岩/mg 可溶有机质产量/mg 可溶有机质产率/(mg/g TOC) 芳烃产量/mg 芳烃产率/(mg/g TOC) A1 300 0.66 53 53 2.1 56 0.4 11 A2 348 0.94 52 52 8.7 237 2.3 63 A3 396 1.49 55 55 3.0 77 0.6 15 A4 444 2.29 34 34 1.0 42 0.8 33 B1 300 0.66 54 — 1.5 39 — — B2 348 0.94 51 — 6.0 167 1.5 42 B3 396 1.49 50 — 4.7 133 2.2 62 B4 444 2.29 49 — 1.7 49 — — 注: —表示不含或未检出。A组含膏岩的实验中,芳烃产率在348 ℃时达到最大值63 mg/g TOC,之后随温度升高而降低,到444 ℃时降低至33 mg/g TOC;而在B组不含膏岩的实验中,芳烃产率在396 ℃时才达到最大值62 mg/g TOC,在444 ℃时芳烃族组分低于检出限(表1)。
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热模拟实验后的芳烃馏分进行GC-MS检测。通过对照文献中相关化合物的相对保留时间指数和标准图谱,对本研究中芳烃族组分的二苯并噻吩(DBT)、菲(Ph)和芴(Fl)进行了鉴定[38]。其中,在质核比(m/z)为184的质量色谱图上鉴定了DBT,在m/z为178的质量色谱图上鉴定了Ph,在m/z为166的质量色谱图上鉴定了Fl。
本文根据热模拟产物的GC-MS检测结果,对二苯并噻吩、菲、芴进行了积分,计算得到不同成熟度下二苯并噻吩/菲(DBT/Ph)和二苯并噻吩/芴(DBT/Fl)的比值变化见表2。随着实验热应力的增加,含膏岩的A组实验中,DBT/Ph从1.05先减小至0.02,在Easy%Ro达到2.71%时又增大至0.26;不含膏岩的B组实验中,DBT/Ph随成熟度增加从1.05持续减小至0.02。然而,对应的DBT/FL在A组实验中持续降低(18.64~3.12),而在B组实验中先快速增大,后又快速降低。
表 2 热模拟实验产物中芳烃化合物的比值
Table 2. Ratios of aromatic molecules in products of thermal simulation experiments
实验编号 温度/℃ Easy%Ro/% 二苯并噻吩/菲(DBT/Ph) 二苯并噻吩/菲(DBT/Fl) A1 300 0.66 1.05 18.64 A2 348 0.94 0.08 18.49 A3 396 1.49 0.02 15.40 A4 444 2.29 0.26 3.12 B1 300 0.66 1.04 2.83 B2 348 0.94 0.08 21.59 B3 396 1.49 0.04 41.90 B4 444 2.29 0.02 9.57
后生作用中膏岩对芳烃分布的影响及地化意义
doi: 10.14027/j.issn.1000-0550.2022.132
cstr: 32268.14.cjxb.62-1038.2022.132Influence of Gypsum on the Distribution of Aromatic Molecules During Catagenesis and Its Geochemical Significance
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摘要:
目的 硫酸盐与沉积有机质之间的反应是沉积盆地内一种典型的有机—无机相互作用类型。在后生作用早期,硫酸盐会影响沉积有机质的热演化。研究对应体系中芳烃化学组成的热演化规律,有助于理解其地球化学行为。 方法 以鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘平凉组烃源岩及其含硫干酪根为初始样品,通过含水体系热模拟实验方法研究了硫酸盐对干酪根热演化产物的影响。 结果 硫酸盐增加了早期可溶有机质产率,并使得芳烃族组分的生成高峰提前。另外,硫酸盐在后生作用阶段早期可氧化降解有机含硫化合物,减少了二苯并噻吩的生成,导致不同类型的芳烃化合物比例出现显著差异。因此,在生油高峰之前,硫酸盐和沉积有机质之间存在氧化降解反应阶段,其产物以含氧化合物等极性组分为主,二苯并噻吩均形成自有机硫化合物。 结论 该认识将硫酸盐与沉积有机质的反应范围拓展至了热应力更低的后生作用阶段含膏烃源岩。
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关键词:
- 热模拟实验 /
- 有机—无机相互作用 /
- 芳烃分子标志物分布特征 /
- 热化学硫酸盐还原反应 /
- 鄂尔多斯盆地 /
- 平凉组
Abstract:Objective The reactions between sulfates and sedimentary organic matter are typical organic⁃inorganic interactions in sedimentary basins. During the early stage of catagenesis, the thermal evolution of sedimentary organic matters would be influenced by the presence of sulfate. Investigations on thermal evolution of aromatic fraction compositions in the corresponding system will improve the understanding its geochemical behaviors. Methods In this study, the effect of sulfate on the thermal evolution of kerogen was investigated by hydrous pyrolysis. The source rock and the corresponding sulfur-bearing kerogen were sampled from the Pingliang Formation on the southwestern margin of the Ordos Basin. Results Experimental results showed that the presence of sulfate promotes the yields of soluble organic matters, as well as the generation peak of aromatic fractions in the early stage. Moreover, the organosulfur compounds, might be oxidized by sulfate during the early stage of catagenesis, which led to the decreasing of generation of dibenzothiophene. It would result in the significant discrepancies of aromatic fraction compositions between two group experiments. Therefore, there was a stage of oxidative degradation between sulfate and sedimentary organic matter before hydrocarbon generation peak. In this stage, the majority of production is polar organic compounds, such as oxygen-bearing compounds. Dibenzothiophene was derived from organosulfur compounds. Conclusions These understandings enlarged the reaction region between sulfate and sedimentary organic matters to the gypsum-bearing source rock during catagenesis with lower thermal stress.
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表 1 热模拟实验条件及其可溶有机质、芳烃族组分产率
Table 1. Experimental conditions and yields of soluble organic matter and aromatic hydrocarbon fractions
实验编号 温度/℃ Easy%Ro/% 干酪根/mg 膏岩/mg 可溶有机质产量/mg 可溶有机质产率/(mg/g TOC) 芳烃产量/mg 芳烃产率/(mg/g TOC) A1 300 0.66 53 53 2.1 56 0.4 11 A2 348 0.94 52 52 8.7 237 2.3 63 A3 396 1.49 55 55 3.0 77 0.6 15 A4 444 2.29 34 34 1.0 42 0.8 33 B1 300 0.66 54 — 1.5 39 — — B2 348 0.94 51 — 6.0 167 1.5 42 B3 396 1.49 50 — 4.7 133 2.2 62 B4 444 2.29 49 — 1.7 49 — — 注: —表示不含或未检出。表 2 热模拟实验产物中芳烃化合物的比值
Table 2. Ratios of aromatic molecules in products of thermal simulation experiments
实验编号 温度/℃ Easy%Ro/% 二苯并噻吩/菲(DBT/Ph) 二苯并噻吩/菲(DBT/Fl) A1 300 0.66 1.05 18.64 A2 348 0.94 0.08 18.49 A3 396 1.49 0.02 15.40 A4 444 2.29 0.26 3.12 B1 300 0.66 1.04 2.83 B2 348 0.94 0.08 21.59 B3 396 1.49 0.04 41.90 B4 444 2.29 0.02 9.57 -
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