Mechanism of Organic Matter Enrichment of Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation in the Xiushui Basin, Northern Liaoning Province: A case study of well LFD1
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摘要: 目的 辽宁北部秀水盆地为中生代小型断陷盆地,发育沉积厚度巨大的下白垩统义县组地层,需要明确其有机质富集方式。 方法 通过对秀水盆地LFD1井义县组二段和三段沉积岩开展了有机质稳定碳同位素组成以及正构烷烃、甾烷和藿烷等生物标志化合物的有机地球化学研究。 结果与结论 秀水盆地LFD1井义县组二段和三段沉积岩有机质含量高,变化范围为0.01%~4.78%,且已经进入成熟阶段,具有良好的油气勘探前景;其有机质沉积演化划分为四个阶段:阶段Ⅰ,火山活动促进了生产力水平的提高,在弱还原—弱氧化的条件下形成了δ13Corg偏轻、有机质含量高的沉积记录;阶段Ⅱ1,δ13Corg偏重的陆生植物碎屑大量进入湖泊中,沉积环境处于强还原状态;阶段Ⅱ2,沉积环境在还原—弱氧化状态下变化,湖泊水体中藻类和水生植物繁盛,提供大量有机质促使形成了高TOC的沉积建造;阶段Ⅲ,沉积速率加快,对有机质富集起到了一定稀释作用,但该阶段的开始和结束出现了短暂的强还原沉积环境和水体分层,并在对应层位形成了有机质相对较高的沉积记录。Abstract: Objective The Xiushui Basin,located in northern Liaoning,is a small faulted basin formed in the Mesozoic,and developed the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation with large sedimentary thickness. It is of great importance to understand the mechanism of organic matter enrichment. Methods In this study,sediment samples were collected from well LFD1. Total organic carbon (TOC) content,stable carbon isotopic composition (δ13Corg) and the distribution of molecular markers (aliphatic hydrocarbons,steranes and hopanes) from members 2 and 3 of the Yixian Formation were analyzed. Results and Discussions The results show that the TOC ranged from 0.01% to 4.78%,and the organic matter was mature. The vertical variations of the bulk organic parameters (TOC and δ13Corg) and biomarker indices indicated that the profile could be divided into four stages. Stage I: The initial content was enhanced by volcanic activity that enabled the depostions of great amount of organic matter and low δ13Corg values. Stage II1: High δ13Corg values suggest increased input from land plants. The biomarker indices show a relatively anoxic environment at this stage. Stage II2: The sedimentary environment is anoxic-weakly oxic. Algae and aquatic plants flourished in the lake,and the abundant organic matter facilitated the deposition of organic-rich source sediments. Stage III: A more rapid sedimentation rate diluted the abundance of organic matter. However,water column was stratified and lake evolved into anoxic environment at the beginning and end of this stage,which favored high organic matter content deposition.
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Key words:
- Yixian Formation /
- biomarkers /
- sedimentary environment /
- source of organic matter
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图 1 (a)研究区位置;(b)秀水盆地地质概况及LFD1井钻孔位置(据文献[6]修改)
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