烃源岩过成熟阶段生气潜力的实验室模拟
摘要: 源岩生气潜力的定量评价主要以实验室模拟为手段,由于技术条件的限制,模拟温度一般最高到600℃,认为生气能力已经耗尽,600℃之前的生气量就可作为源岩生气潜力评价的定量依据。而对于600℃之后的生气潜力到底有没有?有多少?一直存在着争议。为了定量评价源岩过成熟阶段的生气潜力,我们通过技术开发将实验温度提高到了1 000℃,通过大量的实验结果发现,源岩在600~800℃之间仍然可以生成大量的天然气,煤系源岩的生气量占总生气量的20%~30%甚至更多,而湖相和海相源岩在这一阶段的生气量相对少一些,约占总生气量的10%,这与其干酪根的骨架结构不同密切相关。天然气生成下限的向下延伸,进一步扩大了过成熟阶段天然气的资源基础,对指导深层勘探有重要意义。
The Simulation Experiment on Gasgenerating Potential of Over Mature Source Rocks
Abstract: As for the gasgenerating potential at the overmature stage, the authors used the RockEval rock pyrologger and TGMS hightemperature pyrogenating simulated experiment device to carry out a series of experiment and research. By using the coal and carbonaceous mudstone of Jurassic in Junggar Basin and outcrop coal sample of the Permian system and Carboniferous carbonaceous mudstone in Ordos Basin, we carried out the gasgenerating simulation experiment and the temperature is from 300℃ to 800℃. According to the result, all the rocks have generated a lot of gas when the temperature is lower than 600℃(that is Ro<2.0%~2.5%). When increasing the experiment temperature from 600℃ to 800℃, which means to raise Ro from 2.0%~2.5% to 5.0%, we found that both the coal and the carbonaceous mudstone in the two Basin can generate a great amount of natural gas between 600~800℃. The gas generated from the carboniferous carbonaceous mudstone accounts for 25.38%, 34.39%. The gas generated from the two type source rocks at the overmature stage accounts for 20%~35% of the total generated gas volume. In an attempt to verify the above phenomenon, we have cooperated with Taiyuan Institute of Coal Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences to carry out the source rock thermogravimetricmassspectrometric thermal simulated experiment and have got very similar result.According to the result of thermogravimetricmassspectrometric experiment on the shale of sea facies and the mud stone of lake facies, the two samples of Songliao Basin, the organic matter of Ⅱ2 residue gasgenerating when the temperature is between 600~800℃ accounts for 7% of the total generated gas volume or so and the organic matters of Ⅱ1 organic matter accounts for 5%. However, the gasgenerating volume is much smaller than the coalrelated source rock. There is a tendency in which the type of organic matter is worsening and the residue gas volume is reducing at high temperature, which is similar to that experiment result on the abovementioned pyrogenating gas generation rate. When the temperature is between 800~1000℃, the gasgenerating potential disappears, which is consistent with the experiment result of coalrelated source rock. Therefore, a large amount of natural gas can be generated at the overmature stage(Ro≥2.5)for coal and carbonaceous mudstone, and the volume can account for 20%,or even more. The low limit of Ro extend to 5.0% . The generated gas volume stops increasing when the temperature is larger than 800℃, so the simulation temperature 800℃ will be enough for the gasgeneration reflection.