泾河下游古洪水滞流沉积物地球化学特征研究

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泾河下游古洪水滞流沉积物地球化学特征研究

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中图分类号: P539.6

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文章访问数: 1791
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Geochemical Characteristics of the Holocene Flood Slackwater Deposits in the Lower Reaches of the Jinghe River

摘要

摘要: 通过沿泾河河谷广泛的野外考察，在高陵县杨官寨段发现典型的全新世黄土—土壤剖面。经过详细观测、系统采样和化学元素、粒度成分和磁化率等多指标测定，从剖面鉴别出两组古洪水滞流沉积层（SWD），分别记录了发生在4 200 ~ 4 000 a B.P.和3200 ~ 2800 a B.P.期间的特大洪水事件。该研究着重对古洪水滞流沉积层与黄土层和古土壤层的元素地球化学特征进行对比研究。结果表明：（1）在风成沉积物中，Fe2O3、Al2O3、K2O、MgO等元素含量在古土壤层高于黄土层，而CaO和Na2O元素含量则表现出相反的变化。表明风化成壤过程中，这些元素的迁移变化受到全新世以来气候变化和成壤作用的影响。而Zr、Hf、Ti、Cr、Y、Th等微量元素含量与地壳平均丰度相当，且变化甚微。这是由于这些微量元素主要包含在粗颗粒和重矿物之中，其化学性质比较稳定，具有强抗风化性，很少受到风化成壤作用的影响。（2）单个古洪水滞流沉积层，是洪水悬移质泥沙在高水位滞流环境中沉积形成的，分选性很好，故其底部多粗颗粒和重矿物沉积，Zr、Hf、Ti、Cr、Y、Th等微量元素含量呈现突出的尖峰；自下向上随着颗粒逐渐变细，粘粒成分增加，Fe2O3、Al2O3、K2O、MgO等元素含量出现高峰。这两类元素由下向上的相互消长关系，与沙级颗粒含量和磁化率值变化规律对应，反映出古洪水滞流沉积层的基本理化特性。这个研究成果对于完善古洪水沉积学和水文学的方法和理论具有重要的科学价值。
- 泾河 /
- /
- 古洪水 /
- /
- 滞流沉积物 /
- /
- 化学元素 /
- /
- 全新世
Abstract: Through widespread field survey along the Jinghe River valley, a Holocene loesssoil profile with interbedded flood slackwater deposits (SWD) was found at the YGZ site at the riverbank near the Yangguanzhai village. Samples were collected systematically and the chemical elements, grainsize distribution and magnetic susceptibility were measured in the laboratory. All of these indexes showed that there are two bedsets of palaeoflood slackwater deposits in the profile. They have recorded the extraordinary palaeoflood events occurred during 4200－4000aB.P. and 3200－2800aB.P., respectively. The comparative study of the geochemical difference between palaeoflood slackwater deposits and the eolian loess and soil showed that: (1) The concentrations of major elements Fe2O3, Al2O3. K2O, MgO are higher in the palaeosol (S0) and lower in the loess (L1, Lt, L0). The abundances of elements CaO and Na2O showed a reversed change, indicating that these elements were affected by weathering and pedogenesis along with the Holocene climatic change. The abundances of trace elements including Zr, Hf, Ti, Cr, Y and they are very stable and close to the averages in the Earth's crust. This is because these trace elements are connected with the coarse fraction and heavy minerals. They have stable chemical properties and are not much affected by weathering and pedogenesis. (2) In a single palaeoflood slackwater deposit (SWD) bed, the sorted deposition in floodwater resulted in a concentration of the coarse fraction and heavy minerals at the bottom of the SWD bed. Thus, Zr, Hf, Ti, Cr, Y and other trace elements show a prominent peak. However, the increased abundance of clay minerals resulted in an increase in the major elements including Fe2O3, Al2O3, K2O, MgO in the top of a SWD bed. This change is well consistent with the change of sandsized particles and magnetic susceptibility in a SWD bed. These physicochemical features are very useful in identifying palaeoflood slackwater deposits in the eolian sediment profiles. These findings are of great importance in palaeoflood hydrology.
- Jinghe River /
- palaeoflood /
- slackwater deposit /
- chemical elements /
- Holocene /

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[1]	王兆夺, 黄春长, 周亚利, 陈莹璐, 尚瑞清, 查小春, 庞奖励. 淮河支流汝河全新世古洪水沉积序列粒度指示的地表过程 . 沉积学报, 2024, 42(4): 1268-1278. doi: 10.14027/j.issn.1000-0550.2022.130
[2]	郭爱鹏, 毛龙江, 莫多闻, 张兴国, 邹春辉, 李烨, 吴又进. 长沙铜官窑遗址剖面地球化学元素特征与物源变化 . 沉积学报, 2023, 41(3): 735-747. doi: 10.14027/j.issn.1000-0550.2021.128
[3]	朱海, 张玉芬, 李长安. 端元分析在长江武汉段古洪水识别中的应用 . 沉积学报, 2020, 38(2): 297-305. doi: 10.14027/j.issn.1000-0550.2019.039
[4]	潘杰, 刘忠群, 蒲仁海, 周思宾, 范久霄, 刘祎楠. 鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘泾河油田长7-长8古流向及沉积相分析 . 沉积学报, 2017, 35(1): 124-138. doi: 10.14027/j.cnki.cjxb.2017.01.013
[5]	白雪莘, 张卫国, 董艳, 潘大东, 王张华, 孙千里, 陈静, 陈中原, 刘晋嫣. 长江三角洲全新世地层中潮滩沉积磁性特征及其古环境意义 . 沉积学报, 2016, 34(6): 1165-1175. doi: 10.14027/j.cnki.cjxb.2016.06.014
[6]	李小妹, 严平, 吴伟, 钱瑶. 中国北方三流域河流—沙漠过渡带地表沉积物化学元素空间差异分析 . 沉积学报, 2016, 34(4): 615-625. doi: 10.14027/j.cnki.cjxb.2016.04.001
[7]	陈剑, 崔之久. 金沙江上游雪隆囊古滑坡堰塞湖溃坝堆积体的发现及其环境与灾害意义 . 沉积学报, 2015, 33(2): 275-284. doi: 10.14027/j.cnki.cjxb.2015.02.007
[8]	. 化学元素淋溶性质的定量表示 . 沉积学报, 2014, 32(4): 663-668.
[9]	. 汉江上游尚家河段全新世古洪水事件光释光测年研究 . 沉积学报, 2014, 32(2): 306-313.
[10]	王恒松, 黄春长, 周亚利, 熊康宁. 汉江上游全新世特大古洪水事件光释光测年研究 . 沉积学报, 2014, 32(6): 1100-1112.
[11]	. 中晚全新世科尔沁沙地沉积物化学特征及其气候变化 . 沉积学报, 2012, 30(3): 536-546.
[12]	. 南海北部陆架中全新世沉积记录及古环境意义 . 沉积学报, 2012, 30(3): 556-564.
[13]	. 渭河咸阳段全新世古洪水事件光释光测年研究 . 沉积学报, 2012, 30(2): 346-355.
[14]	吴旭东. 全新世低纬地区古环境演化与北大西洋之间的联系——以湖光岩玛珥湖元素和元素比值记录为例 . 沉积学报, 2011, 29(5): 926-934.
[15]	靳建辉. 新疆伊犁塔克尔莫乎尔沙漠全新世晚期沉积微量元素反映的古气候变化 . 沉积学报, 2011, 29(2): 336-345.
[16]	顾静. 泾河泾阳段高河漫滩沉积与洪水事件 . 沉积学报, 2011, 29(3): 561-571.
[17]	郑国璋, 岳乐平, 何军锋, 王建新, 张玉玲. 疏勒河下游安西古沼泽全新世沉积物粒度特征及其古气候环境意义 . 沉积学报, 2006, (5): 733-739.
[18]	. 疏勒河下游安西古沼泽全新世沉积物粒度特征及其古气候环境意义 . 沉积学报, 2006, 24(05): 733-739.
[19]	杨守业, 李从先, 张家强. 苏北滨海平原全新世沉积物物源研究——元素地球化学与重矿物方法比较 . 沉积学报, 1999, 17(3): 458-463.
[20]	杨达源, 谢悦波. 古洪水平流沉积 . 沉积学报, 1997, 15(3): 29-32.

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文章访问数: 1791
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泾河下游古洪水滞流沉积物地球化学特征研究

刊出日期: 2012-10-10

中图分类号: P539.6

关键词:

泾河 /

古洪水 /

滞流沉积物 /

化学元素 /

全新世

摘要: 通过沿泾河河谷广泛的野外考察，在高陵县杨官寨段发现典型的全新世黄土—土壤剖面。经过详细观测、系统采样和化学元素、粒度成分和磁化率等多指标测定，从剖面鉴别出两组古洪水滞流沉积层（SWD），分别记录了发生在4 200 ~ 4 000 a B.P.和3200 ~ 2800 a B.P.期间的特大洪水事件。该研究着重对古洪水滞流沉积层与黄土层和古土壤层的元素地球化学特征进行对比研究。结果表明：（1）在风成沉积物中，Fe2O3、Al2O3、K2O、MgO等元素含量在古土壤层高于黄土层，而CaO和Na2O元素含量则表现出相反的变化。表明风化成壤过程中，这些元素的迁移变化受到全新世以来气候变化和成壤作用的影响。而Zr、Hf、Ti、Cr、Y、Th等微量元素含量与地壳平均丰度相当，且变化甚微。这是由于这些微量元素主要包含在粗颗粒和重矿物之中，其化学性质比较稳定，具有强抗风化性，很少受到风化成壤作用的影响。（2）单个古洪水滞流沉积层，是洪水悬移质泥沙在高水位滞流环境中沉积形成的，分选性很好，故其底部多粗颗粒和重矿物沉积，Zr、Hf、Ti、Cr、Y、Th等微量元素含量呈现突出的尖峰；自下向上随着颗粒逐渐变细，粘粒成分增加，Fe2O3、Al2O3、K2O、MgO等元素含量出现高峰。这两类元素由下向上的相互消长关系，与沙级颗粒含量和磁化率值变化规律对应，反映出古洪水滞流沉积层的基本理化特性。这个研究成果对于完善古洪水沉积学和水文学的方法和理论具有重要的科学价值。

Geochemical Characteristics of the Holocene Flood Slackwater Deposits in the Lower Reaches of the Jinghe River

Publish Date: 2012-10-10

Keywords:

Abstract: Through widespread field survey along the Jinghe River valley, a Holocene loesssoil profile with interbedded flood slackwater deposits (SWD) was found at the YGZ site at the riverbank near the Yangguanzhai village. Samples were collected systematically and the chemical elements, grainsize distribution and magnetic susceptibility were measured in the laboratory. All of these indexes showed that there are two bedsets of palaeoflood slackwater deposits in the profile. They have recorded the extraordinary palaeoflood events occurred during 4200－4000aB.P. and 3200－2800aB.P., respectively. The comparative study of the geochemical difference between palaeoflood slackwater deposits and the eolian loess and soil showed that: (1) The concentrations of major elements Fe2O3, Al2O3. K2O, MgO are higher in the palaeosol (S0) and lower in the loess (L1, Lt, L0). The abundances of elements CaO and Na2O showed a reversed change, indicating that these elements were affected by weathering and pedogenesis along with the Holocene climatic change. The abundances of trace elements including Zr, Hf, Ti, Cr, Y and they are very stable and close to the averages in the Earth's crust. This is because these trace elements are connected with the coarse fraction and heavy minerals. They have stable chemical properties and are not much affected by weathering and pedogenesis. (2) In a single palaeoflood slackwater deposit (SWD) bed, the sorted deposition in floodwater resulted in a concentration of the coarse fraction and heavy minerals at the bottom of the SWD bed. Thus, Zr, Hf, Ti, Cr, Y and other trace elements show a prominent peak. However, the increased abundance of clay minerals resulted in an increase in the major elements including Fe2O3, Al2O3, K2O, MgO in the top of a SWD bed. This change is well consistent with the change of sandsized particles and magnetic susceptibility in a SWD bed. These physicochemical features are very useful in identifying palaeoflood slackwater deposits in the eolian sediment profiles. These findings are of great importance in palaeoflood hydrology.

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泾河下游古洪水滞流沉积物地球化学特征研究

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Geochemical Characteristics of the Holocene Flood Slackwater Deposits in the Lower Reaches of the Jinghe River

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泾河下游古洪水滞流沉积物地球化学特征研究

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Geochemical Characteristics of the Holocene Flood Slackwater Deposits in the Lower Reaches of the Jinghe River

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泾河下游古洪水滞流沉积物地球化学特征研究

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出版历程

Geochemical Characteristics of the Holocene Flood Slackwater Deposits in the Lower Reaches of the Jinghe River

计量

出版历程

目录

泾河下游古洪水滞流沉积物地球化学特征研究

English Abstract

Geochemical Characteristics of the Holocene Flood Slackwater Deposits in the Lower Reaches of the Jinghe River

全文HTML

目录

友情链接

期刊在线

联系我们