摘要:
作者于2005年11月赴桂西南野外考察了14个喀斯特瀑布，共采集245份水生苔藓植物标本和沉积样品。经室内分析研究，该地苔藓植物具有下列生物多样性特征：(1) 苔藓(Bryophytes) 种类多样性由11科19 属36 种 (含变种亚种) 组成, 其中含广西新记录25 种;藓类(Mosses)含8科15属30种,苔类(Liverworts)3科4属6种。(2)生活型多样性含高丛集型(38.89%)、矮丛集型(19.44%)、交织型(27.78%)和平埔型( 13.89%) 4种类型。(3)地理成分多样性含世界分布 ( 13.89%), 北温带分布( 36.11%),热带亚洲分布s( 16.67%),东亚分布 (19.44.11%) 和中国特有(13.89% )等5种成分。(4)苔藓生殖系统多样性由3种类型组成, 其中雌雄异株(Dioecious) 占总数的83.33%, 雌雄同株异苞(Autoecious) 占总数的2.78%, 雌雄同株同苞(Synoecious)的种类仅占总数的13.89%。根据桂西南喀斯特瀑布沉积的环境和生物组成特征, 可把生态沉积类型划分为：溪流瀑华, 河流瀑华, 石灰华坝和洞穴钙华4种沉积类型及12种生物沉积亚类型。
Abstract:
245 specimens and samples of aquatic bryophytes were collected from 14 karst waterfalls in southwest Guangxi, P.R.China in November, 2005. The characteristics of bryological biodiversity as follows: (1) It consists of 36 bryophyte taxa in 19 genera and 11 families. Among them, 30 moss taxa in 15 genera and 8 families were founded while 6 liverwort taxa in 4 genera and 3 families were recorded. (2)The life\|forms are Tall turfs (38.89%), Short turfs (19.44%), Mats (13.89%) and Wefts (27.78%). (3)The phytogeographical elements include Cosmopolitans ( 13.57%), North Temperate elements ( 36.11%), Tropical Asia elements( 16.67%), East Asia elements (19.44%) and Endemic to China(13.89% ) . (4)The reproductive systems consist of three types: Dioecious taxa is 83.33%, Synoecious is 13.89% while autoecious 2.78 %. According to the feature of environmental factors and key bryophyte species, 4 ecological types (stream waterfall deposition, river waterfall deposition, dam deposition and cave deposition) and 12 subtypes of biokarst depositions associated with bryophytes can be distinguished.
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