摘要:
晚更新世末期中国陆架的古环境与北美洲和欧洲都不相同,前者发育了劳伦泰德冰原,后者出现了斯堪狄纳维亚冰原;亚洲大陆不但未生成大陆冰源,反而出现规模更大、范围更广的沙漠和黄土分布区(也包括中国陆架的大部分地区)。最后冰期结束以后,北美和欧洲的大陆冰盖逐渐融化,给北美和欧洲的陆架提供足够的水源,当地地壳的回弹又加大了河流的冲刷能力,而一旦大陆冰原的冰完全消融以后,这些通过和流入陆架的河流,又失去了径流。全新世海侵发生以后,在那里的陆架区,自然会留下许多埋藏古河道的遗迹。中国陆架沉积环境(特别是北方陆架区)则以干旱和寒冷为特征。在冰期最盛时的中国陆架不仅得不到大陆冰盖的保护,出露了的陆架反而要遭受风暴的吹蚀作用。所以风力吹蚀作用是晚更新世末期中国陆架的基本动力。因此,最后冰期最盛时的中国陆架区发生沙漠化沉积及其衍生沉积是其最重要特征,据目前所知:陆架沙漠化的主要沉积类型有(1)漫长的风蚀基面;(2)大面积的混杂堆积;(3)“休止角型”沉积结构;和(4)典型的埋藏沙丘沉积。
Abstract:
Based on the systematic analysis and study made recently of several sedimentarv core, and high resulu-tion geophysical records from the Yclluw Sea Shelf the writer believes that the global-change view must be fakm to carry、oul comprehensive unaly-,is m;d }innpari、uns in the study of sedimentary characteristics ofChiua Shelf. In the later stage of Late Pleistovene, the palaeoenvironmeat of China Shelf was different fromboth North America in which Laureatide Ive Sheet developed and Europe pith Scandinavia Ice Sheet oc-cured. Instead of ice sheet, large range of desert and loess distribution area (including most area of China's shelf) occurred in the Asian Continent. At the end of the last glavial period, the ice sheets in NorthAmerica and Europe Continent began to meit providing the North.American shelf and Europe shelf withsufticienl. wWer sources. Local crust oscillations further enhanced the washing dower of rivers. When the con-trnenla lce sheets melted over, the tivers passing or cntering the continental attelf lost ther runoff After the transgression of the Holocene, ntaw trace, of buried palaeorhanncls have nattarally bean left over on thecontinental sheaf ar.das As the sediment :ry environment of ('tuna C ontinental Shelf wts characterized by dryand cold, the chill` was not only bare,l and without the protection of ice sheet but also eroded by stormy inthe most prevailing of the ice age. Therefore, eolation ivas the basic effect on the China Shelf area in the iat-er stage of late Yleistoccne. As known up to now, major sedimentary types of the shelf desertization are(1) long. seale," tolation surfacc. (2) mixing accumulation of large area,(3) sedimentary structure- ofreposvanglc type and (4) typical sediments of buried sand-duets.