Formation of Oil and Gas Surface Anomaly and its Evaluation
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摘要: 埋藏在地下深处的油气组份，通过断层、裂隙、可渗透地层以及地下水等多种途径向上运移至地表附近时，改变了原始地表土壤的地球化学场，在土壤中形成可辨异常。油气化探就是运用土壤烃、土壤蚀变碳酸盐（△Ｃ），土壤汞、甲烷及△Ｃ碳同位素等从土壤、岩芯、水体中检测油气运移的迹象，在地表发现异常，进而研究评价这种地球化学异常和油气的微渗漏及油气圈闭类型等关系，为寻找埋藏在地下深部的油气藏提供信息。Abstract: While oil and gas from a deep reservior migrates near surface along the micro fracture of sedimentary rocks covering above the reservior, the original geochemical characteristics of soil are changed. Thus, the recognizable geochemical anomaly is formed in the near surface soil. After analyzing soil hydrocarbons, soil secondary carbonate (△C), soil mercury and the carbon isotope of methane and △C, and so on, we may supply an important information on determinating oil - gas migration, discovering geochemical anomaly related to deep oil and gas reserviors, and, thereby, may suggest the existence of deep oil and gas in buried reserviors.According to our study on the geochemistry of soil hydrocarbons, soil secondary carbonate and soil mercury, different geochemical indicators and methods are of different results in various geochemical landscapes.
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[1] 1.王先彬等，1991，土壤OC及其碳同位素的地球化学特征，中国科学院兰州地质研究所生物、气体地球化学开放实验室研究年报(1988-1989),159-170.北京:科学出版社。
2.王先彬等，lssz,邵尔多斯盆地土壤烃类气体的地球化学特征，王锡福等著那尔多斯盆地非地展油气勘探，北京:地质出版社，173一183。 -
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