摘要:
黔南晚石炭世发育了大规模的后生动物骨架礁，这在晚泥盆世的F/F生物绝灭事件后尚属罕见。礁的主体是由Fomitchevella建造而成。礁体在空间上由四个单元组成，自下而上依次是生物碎屑滩、点礁和泥丘、生物碎屑灰岩和Fomitchevella骨架岩。各单元生态系统中的生物组成不同，营养结构也有相应的差异。按各生物在食物链中的位置可以分为生产者、消费者和分解者，按其在造礁过程中的作用又可分成造礁生物、附礁生物。分析表明，各生物在食物链中的位置不同，其在礁体形成过程中也分别担任着造礁、附礁等角色。由各单元的生物组成和空间位置关系，推测反演了生态系统的发育过程，并划分成生物碎屑滩阶段、点礁和泥丘阶段、Fomitchevella定殖阶段和Fomitchevella统殖阶段四个阶段。Fomitchevella 和Ivanovia cf. manchurica两种珊瑚的生活习性和生长方式决定了它们在珊瑚礁生态系中的地位，而整个生态系统也依靠快速吸收营养盐的营养机制维持了各物种的生存和发展。
关键词:
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黔南 /
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晚石炭世 /
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珊瑚礁 /
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生态系统
Abstract:
A largescale metazoa framebuilding reef system was developed in the southern Guizhou Province during the LateCarboniferous, which was rarely reported in the geological records after the F/F mass extinction event. The reef structure was mainly built by rugosan corals Fomitchevella, and is, from the bottom to top, composed of four subunits: bioclastic shore, patchy reef and mud mound, bioclastic limestone and Fomitchevella framestone. The organisms in ecosystem of each unit are variable, due to different tropic level in which producers, consumers and decomposers are differentiated in view of their behavior in the food chain, reefbuilder and reefdwellers in view of their functions in the reefbuilding process. The analysis shows that the organisms play different roles in reefbuilding process due to their status in the food chain. According to the contribution of the organisms and energy and macronutrient flow diagram, a new understanding that the coral reef ecosystem rapidly uptake the macronutrient is obtained. According to the composition and the relationship of the organisms, the development process of the ecosystem is supposed based on the organisms and their spatial location relationships, and can be divided into bioclastic shoal stage, patchy reef and mud mound stage, Fomitchevella colonizing stage and Fomitchevelladominant stage. The different behaviors and growth forms of Fomitchevella and Ivanovia cf. manchurica determined their status in the coral reef ecosystem, and the ecosystem maintained survivorship and development of the species by rapidly up taking the macronutrient.
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