Study on Anastomosed River with Comparative Sedimentology
-
摘要: 根据比较沉积学原理,论述了现代网状河沉积的沉积过程、沉积韵律特征、平面形态及其环境背景,进而对古代相关沉积类型进行了比较研究,对网状河的形成机制进行探讨和总结,以指导地下同类沉积砂体的油气勘探和开发。Abstract: Based on the theory of comparative sedimentology, this paper gives the detailed description of both the modern anastomosed river (Qiqihaer Nenjiang s ection) and the corresponding ancient ones(Huanghua depression and Qaidam basin ). The paper presents the depositional processes,characteristics of sedimentary rhythm,geometry and heterogeneity of the modern anastomosed river with a ref erence material home and abroad, and generalizes the depesitiomal model. The river in Qiqihaer has the following features, that is, low slope gradient, small with/depth ratio, fast aggradation rate, the channel anastomosed, and conf ined lateral migration, and soon. The river can be divided into six sub-facies s uch as anastomosed channel, natural levee, crevasse splay, river beach, inter-r iver lake, and swamp. All provide the basis for the analysis of ancient correspo nding reservoir quality sand bodies. The ancient anastomosed river, influenced by post-depositional physical or che mical reaction such as diagenesis, presents relative difference compared with th e modern one, but both have similar sedimentary characteristics in morphology, e nvironments, sand body structure, rhythm, and so on. It is this similarity that provides the basis of comparative sedimentology and its application. The authors discuss the formation mechanism on the anastomosed river so as to put forward a general discipline as a direction for further study. The river's formation is controlled by various factors, the authors explore that it is relat ed to the low slope gradient, massive vegetation, flood development, and the u niform development. Sometimes the anastomosed river can be transformed from bra ided river. With the knowledge and comparative study on both the modern and ancient anastomo sing river, we can analyse geometry, continuity, and heterogeneity of undergroun d related sand bodies, which is very important in the course of exploration and development of petroleum.
-
Key words:
- comparative sedimentology /
- anastomosed river /
- depo sitional model /
- heterogeneity
-
[1] 钱宁，张仁，周志德. 河床演变学[M] . 北京:科学出版社,1987. [2] 钱宁. 关于河流分类及成因问题的讨论[J] . 地理学报,1985,40(1):1～10.[ ZK)〗 [3] 尤联元,洪笑天,陈志清. 影响河型发育的几个主要因素的讨论[A] . 第二届河 流泥沙国际学术讨论会论文集[C] , 1983,622～670 [4] Bridge J S. Paleochannels patterns inferred from alluvial deposits: A critical evaluation[J] . J. Sedi. Petrol.,1985,55(4): 579～589. [5] Miall A D. Fluvial sedimentology[M] . Canadian society of petroleum g eologists, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, 1977. [6] 陈代钊,张鹏飞. 三角洲平原上网结河的发育与聚煤规律[J] . 沉积学报, 1996,14(3):103～112. [7] 冯增昭, 中国沉积学[M] . 北京:石油工业出版社,1994. [8] Brice G C. Stream channel stability assessment[R] . Rep. No. FHWA/RD 82/021,U.S. Federal Highway Adminis - tration, 42 1982 [9] Schumm S A. Speculations concerning paleohydrologic controls of terre strial sedimentation[J] . Bull.Geol.Soc. Am., 79：1968 1573～1578, [10] Smith D G. Putnam P E. Anastomosed river deposits: modern and an cient examples in Alberta,Canada[J] . Can.J.Earth Sci., 1980.17：1396～1406 [11] Smith D G. Anastomosed fluvial deposits: modern examples from Weste rn Canada[C] .Spec.Publs.Int.Ass.Sed. 6,1983.155～168, [12] Smith D G, Smith N D. Sedimentation in anastomosed river system examp les from alluvial valleys near Banff,Alberta[J] . J. Sed. Petrol.,1980,50(1):15 7～164. [13] Rust B R. Sedimentation in an arid-zone anastomosing fluvial systems : Cooper's Creek,Central Austrialia[J] . Jour.Sed.Petro.,1981,V.51,745～755 [14] Collinson J D，Lewin J. Modern and ancient fluvial systems: an in troduction[C] . Spec.Publs.Int.Ass.Sedi.,1983. 6:1～2, [15] W E 盖洛韦,D K 霍布德, 顾晓忠,顾家裕,高延新译. 陆源碎屑沉积体系— 在石油、煤炭和铀勘探中的应用[M] . 北京:石油工业出版社,1989 [16] Rust B R, A classification of alluvial systems[A] .In： Miall A D,e d.Fluvial Sedimentology[C] . Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists Memoir 19 78，5,187～188 [17] 尹寿鹏,任明达,王随继. 河流比较沉积学与河流砂岩油藏开发[J] . 应用基础 与工程科学学报, 1998, 6(1):26～36 [18] Tornqvist T E，Van Ree M H M, Faessen E L J H. Longitudinal facies a rc hitectural changes of a Middle Holocene anastomosing distributary system (Rhine- Mense delta,Central Netherland),In：Fielding C R,ed.Current research in fluvial sedimentology[J] . Sedimentary Geology, 1993,85:203～209 [19] Cooper G. Sedimentation in a river dominated estuary[J] . Sedimentol ogy, 1993,40: 979～1017 -
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 680
- HTML全文浏览量: 4
- PDF下载量: 851
- 被引次数: 0
下载:
