摘要:
本文从矿物学、物理性质和化学组成等方面确定了首次在云南星云湖沉积物中发现的蓝铁矿结核.提供了蓝铁矿的X射线的峰值特征和红外光谱图;在讨论铁质和磷质来源及还原环境产生的基础上,提出了蓝铁矿的形成机理。认为蓝铁矿结核可以反映原始沉积环境,是-种内陆淡水湖泊的沉积标志,仅存在于淡水浅湖及湖湾沉积物中,反映-种浅湖及湖湾的低能环境。
Abstract:
Xingyun Lake is a faulted trough lake which measures 10.5 by 3.8 km. The formation of vivianite nodule in which has been systematically researched by field observation and the using of the techniques of x-ray diffraction and x-ray photograph, infrared spectrogram, stable isotope analysis, chemical composition analysis and electron microprobe analysis, etc. The vivianite which is first discovered in Xingyun Lake has been determined and its physical properties, chemical composition, mineralogical parameters have been described in detail. A typical x-ray peaks (7.8899? 6.691 ?, 4.896?, 4.062?, 2.917?, 2.702?,) and infrared spectrograms (3137-1cm. 1600-1cm. 1090-1cm. 940-1cm. 540-1cm. and 470-1cm.), x-ray photograph data (a= 10.096A, b= 13.50?, c = 4.70?, 0= 104°34 ' ) of vivianite have been supplied. The origion model of vivianite in Xingyun Lake has been put forward based on the discussion of the sources of phosphorus and ferric matter and the formation of reducing environment. The ferric matter was carried by river and the phosphorus matter by animal, vegetation and bacterial reduction, and then deposit in low enery areas. The organic matter and organisms are buried by sediments, and pore water is enclosed in it. The organic matter is decomposed and carbon dioxide is produced by the bacteria action and fermentation. Under the reducing environment, ferrous (Fe3+) is reducd to ferric (Fe:2+). Vivianite is supersaturated and precipitated from sediments as the contents of ferric and phosphated ion of pore water increase. The chemical reaction equation is as folio ws. 3Fe2++2HPO42-+2OH-1+6H-2O=Fe3(PO4)2 · 8H2O (vivianite) The condition of the formation of vivianite itself, diagenesis of sediments, trace elements, stable isotopes, rock properties and sedimentary structures as well as clay mineral assemblages of welling core burying in vivianite have been studied. It can be deduced that the vivianite nodules may stand for the primary edimentary environment, i. e., a sedimentary symbol of inland fresh lake ,and it is only discovered in sediments of fresh shallow lake and lake bay. That is ,it formed in a low energy environment of fresh shallow lake or lake bay.
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